Bava Metzia 049: Overcharging

[Kollel Iyun Hadaf]

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Bava Metzia 049: Overcharging

Meir Eliezer Bergman asked:

1) The Mishna (49a) & Gemoro discuss overcharging by a sixth. It seems this is 
speaking about someone who charges more than the market price for an item.

Is this connected to the expected profit that a merchant can make on selling an 
item (mentioned earlier daf 40b)?

i.e. merchant buys item (of essential living) for 6 shekel, he is allowed to 
sell it for 7 shekel - if everyone does this, the market value will be 7 
shekel.  I assume the sixth of our Mishna is then a sixth on top of the 7 
shekel - is this correct? (it just happens that both increases are at a sixth).

2) According to Shmuel (49b), the sixth of overcharging can be either of the 
value or of the price paid. e.g. item worth 6 shekel, if sold for either 7 or 
7.2 shekel - that is a sixth.

What if the item was sold for 7.1?  Does Shmuel say it is bitul mekach (since 
more than sixth of value) or mechila (since less than sixth of price) or also 
Onaah (since in between 7 and 7.2)?!

Meir Eliezer Bergman
-----------------------
The Kollel replies:

1) You are correct.

2) Tosfos 49b, DH "Shtus Ma'os" says that we always go by the value when the 
value conflicts with the price paid. This law is quoted by the Rema (CM 227:4).

All the best,
Yaakov Montrose 


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