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Bava Basra 058: Me'aras ha'Machpela

Kollel Iyun Hadaf
Mon, 09 Nov 2009 04:42:03 -0800

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Bava Basra 058: Me'aras ha'Machpela

Sam Kosofsky asked:

Rebbe,
 
The Gemara says that R. Bania was measuring the area around mearat hamchpela to 
mark off the area.  Presumably this would be to notify kohanim where they may 
walk and where to stay away from and anyone else who wished to remain b'tahara 
and free of tumas mais.
 
Firstly, the present structure around mearat hamchpela is said to be Herodian.  
If it was built by Hurdus it would have preceded R. Banai by quite some time, 
perhaps a few centuries.  If so, there would be no need to mark off the graves 
of the Avot, Imahot, and Adam and Chava.  The whole building is an ohel.
 
Secondly - doesn't it say somewhere that the bodies of tzaddikim are not 
metamei?  It seems that this memra is not actually how we posken the halacha 
though.
 
Comments? Thoughts?
 
B'kavod,
Sam Kosofsky
---------------------------
The Kollel replies:

Dear Mr. Kosofosky

Hello there and thank you for your interesting question. The truth is that this 
question is already brought as proof by some Poskim that the tombs of Tzaddikim 
are Metamei (see Yechaveh Da’as, Vol IV page 290).

I will, however, make a suggestion based on archeology. The structure is indeed 
Herodian preceding Rebbi Bena’ah as you pointed out. However, the Herodian 
structure consisted of a floor and four walls. There was no roof at the time. 
Thus if there was no Pose’ach Tefach from the bodies till the roof of the cave, 
the Tumah rises through the ceiling of the cave and is Metamei those above the 
floor.

People who have descended into the cave in recent years have discovered that 
many bones were brought later on and placed into the cave. Thus it is possible 
that the Tum'ah issue we’re dealing with here is not that of the Avos, but 
rather of the bones that were placed in the cave. This would explain why Rebbi 
Bena’ah had to measure the extent of the cave, as opposed to marking the 
location of the Avos.

All the best.
Y. Landy


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