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Sun, 10 Dec 2000 13:59:52 -0800
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treaty of
hudaibiya
'Allah's Good Pleasure was on the believers
when they swore Fealty to you [Muhammad] under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts,
and He sent down Tranquility on them;
and
He rewarded
them with a speedy victory.' [fath 48: 18]
Nearly six years after the
Prophet's [s] migration to Madinah from Makkah [hijrah], he [s] had a
vision in which he found himself entering the Ka'bah in Makkah unopposed. He
took this as a good omen and decided to attempt the Lesser Pilgrimage
[umrah]. He [s] had not been to Makkah [his birth-place] since and was
craving to visit it.
The Prophet [s] along with the
other Muslims donned on the ihram. There was, from the conception of
the idea for umrah, no intention to fight the Makkans. Prophet [s]
purpose was only to visit the House of Allah.
Being an Arab custom, they were
entitled, as the others, to visit the Sacred Enclosed Sanctuary. However, the
Quraysh took this as the greatest threat ever.
They sent Khalid ibn al-Walid [who
embraced Islam less than two years later] with a troop of two hundred horse to
bar the pilgrims' entry by force of arms. The Prophet [s], having no intention
to fight, changed his [s] route and alighted on the plain of
Hudaibiya.
The prophet [s] and his Companions
remained in Hudaibiya for the next few days. There and then negotiations were
opened between the Muslims and the Quraysh. Having completed the preliminary
discussions, the Prophet [s] sent Uthman ibn Affan [ra], who was a member of the
influential and powerful clan of Abdu Shams. He was well received by his
kinsmen and also exclusively permitted to make rounds of the Ka'bah. He refused
on grounds that he would not make rounds before the Prophet [s]. This decision
pleased the Prophet [s].
When Uthman [ra] was late in
returning, a rumor got about that he had been murdered. On hearing this rumor,
the Prophet [s] immediately assembled his Companions and sitting under a wild
acacia tree, took a Pledge [Ba'ait al-Ridwan - Pledge of Good Pleasure] from
them.
The enthusiasm was great. One by
one the Companions came and pledged allegiance to him. The Prophet [s] swore
allegiance for Uthman [ra] who was missing.
Uthman's [ra] death fortunately was
what it was - a rumor! He returned to Hudaibiya and it became clear that the
Makkans were prepared to conclude a treaty.
The Quraysh sent Suhayl bin Amr to
draw up the terms of the Treaty.
The treaty that was signed came to be known as 'The Treaty of Hudaibiya'. The following terms and conditions were agreed upon-
During that period some believing women emigrants including Umm Kalthum bint Uqba bin Abu Muait [ra] who came to Allah's Apostle [s] and she was a young lady then. Her relative came to the Prophet [s] and asked him to return her, but the Prophet [s] did not return her to them for Allah had revealed the following verse regarding women-
It was a trying period for the Muslims. The treaty was a blessing in disguise. They had hoped to visit the Ka'bah and were now disappointed. Some of the general bitterness at having signed a treaty where the Muslim seemed 'obviously' at loss, smoothed over. 'He rewarded
them [Pledgers of allegiance] with a speedy victory.' [fath 48:
18]
Most of the commentators assume that the above verse relates to
the conquest of Khaybar, which took place a few months after the Truce of
Hudaibiya. It is probable, however, that it is a prophecy of the almost
bloodless conquest of Makkah in the year 8H, the victorious establishment of
Islam in all of Arabia and, finally, the tremendous expansion of the
Islamic Commonwealth under the Prophet's [s] immediate successors.
'Speedy victory' could also mean the 'Treaty of Hudaibiya'
which was signed immediately after the Pledge of Allegiance.
The dream-vision the Prophet [s] had in Madinah before the expedition, which subsequently ended at Hudaibiya was fulfilled indeed. In the year 7H, the Muslims were able to perform their first peaceful Lesser Pilgrimage to the Holy City of Makkah. The Treaty of Hudaibiya proved to be of the greatest importance for the future of Islam. Muslims were united for a cause like never before. For the first time in six years peaceful contacts were established between Madinah and Makkah. This opened the way for the spread of Islam into the Pagan Arabian tribes. People of both sides could meet freely. New converts rallied around Allah's Messenger [s], first in hundreds and then in thousands. The Treaty brought about the moral and political victory of Islam all over Arabia. (written by Sister Rukaiah) One Ummah Network "And verily, this Ummah of yours is One Ummah, and I am your Lord;
therefore fear only Me." (Qur'an 23:52) E-mail: ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) Homepages: (http://www.oneummah.net) (http://www.1ummah.org) (http://www.1ummah.net) Free E-mail Service: (http://mail.1ummah.net) Subscribe: ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) Unsubscribe:([EMAIL PROTECTED]) E-mail Entire List: ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) The views expressed on One Ummah Information do not necessarily coincide with the views of One Ummah Network, with the Islamic Unification Movement, or its supporters. All the works presented by this service are properties of their authors unless otherwise stated. |