Onwards
Fri, 21 Jun 2002 00:55:03 -0700
Afghanistan boleh memimpin dunia - Analisa pakar Barat
Assalamualikum,
Kepada sesiapa yang telah bersekongkol/bersetuju dengan Pakatan
Utara/Amerika menjatuhkan kerajaan Islam Taliban, Anda tobatlah cepat kerana
dari dulu lagi dah diberitahu tujuan Amerika adalah menjatuhkan negara yang
cuba menegakkan hukum Islam dan mencuri Harta diPerut Bumi Afghanistan yang
terlalu kaya. Ingatlah firman Allah Taala yang bermaksud "Dan janganlah kamu
terus mempercayai berita yang datangnya dari orang fasik/kafir, nanti kamu
menjadi orang yang rugi" dan firmannya juga "Dan janganlah kamu cenderung
kepada orang/pemerintah yang zalim,nanti kamu akan disambar api neraka"
Sila baca artikel ini dari AFP untuk membuktikan jahatnya kuasa kafir
diakhir zaman ini- tok janggut
...........
Afghans “could rule the world
Mineral-Rich Afghanistan a Valuable Corporate Property
As a nation, Afghanistan is poor. But there’s a world of treasure beneath
the surface of the landscape.
Exclusive to American Free Press
By Christopher Bollyn
Afghanistan has an extraordinary abundance of rare and strategic
minerals—now all within easy reach of the global planners who installed a
puppet government that they both control and protect.
Pipelines transporting the immense gas and oil reserves of Central Asia and
the Caspian basin to global markets will undoubtedly play an important role
in Afghanistan’s future, but the country’s abundance of strategic minerals
has the potential to greatly enrich the Afghans—if the wealth of the nation
is not plundered.
Afghanistan has rich and extensive mineral resources including gold, silver,
uranium, beryllium, copper, chrome, lead, zinc, manganese, iron and nickel.
Lapis lazuli, ame thyst, beryl, ruby, emerald, sapphire, alabaster,
tourmaline, jade, and quartz are just some of the precious and semiprecious
gemstones that have been mined in the country for centuries.
California-based geologist Bonita Chamberlin, who spent 25 years exploring
the country, is convinced that Afghanistan’s vast mineral deposits including
oil and natural gas and gemstones could bring the nation great wealth.
Chamberlin co-authored with Gary Bowersox, Gem stones of Afghanistan, (1995)
regarded as the original and most complete study of Afghanistan’s gems and
minerals.
Chamberlin told American Free Press that she had identified 91 minerals,
metals and gems at 1,407 documented potential mining sites in Afghanistan.
These sites also contain solid combustible minerals, metallic and
non-metallic minerals, rare metals, radioactive elements, precious metals
and gemstones, salt and industrial minerals.
Beryllium and uranium are among the minerals in Afghanistan of the greatest
strategic value, Chamberlin told AFP.
Chamberlin began surveying Afghanistan in the mid-1970s while working with
companies cultivating cotton and grapes. The scope of her work changed
during the Soviet invasion when heavy bombing uncovered significant de
posits of rubies, sapphires, emeralds and other gemstones.
Afghanistan has plentiful mineral wealth due to the collision of the Indian
subcontinent with the Asian continent, which trapped and combined chemicals
from ancient seas with those from the land under tremendous geologic
pressures. This collision “formed minerals that exist in very few places in
the world,” Chamberlin said.
Afghans are only lacking the infrastructure to exploit their nation’s
mineral wealth, Chamberlin said. “The people just need the expertise and the
direction.”
When the required infrastructure is developed, Afghans “could rule the
world,” Chamberlin told the Culver City Rock and Mineral Club in California.
BERYLLIUM
Beryllium is a strategic and essential material used in the aerospace,
energy, defense, nuclear, automotive, medical and electronics industries.
A unique metal with properties unmatched by any other metal, beryllium is
both extremely light and strong. It is one-third lighter than aluminum but
six times stiffer than steel. It also has one of the highest melting points
of the light metals.
Beryllium is used in the nuclear industry in fusion reactors and in the
construction of nuclear devices for military applications. Beryllium alloys
are essential structural materials for the production of high-speed
aircraft, including the space shuttle and the new Joint Strike Fighter
(JSF), missiles, surveillance and communication satellites. It is also used
in Apache helicopters, tanks, and aircraft landing gear components.
Military electronic targeting and infrared countermeasure systems use high
beryllium content components, as do advanced missile and radar navigation
systems.
Beryllium alloys are used in battery contacts and electronic connectors in
cell phones. Beryllium-copper provides the high reliability and
miniaturization needed in these applications. FM radio, high-definition and
cable television and underwater fiber optic cable systems all depend on
beryllium.
Computer and laser technologies require beryllium. It is used in computers
where lightness and stiffness are re quired. As computers get smaller,
lighter and faster, the beryllium-copper alloy is often the only material
that meets the demands.
RUBIES & SAPPHIRES
Afghanistan possesses rich gem deposits, many of which are used in lasers
and advanced weapons technologies. Rubies have been used in lasers since
laser technology was first developed.
Historical accounts indicate that the ruby mines of Badakhshan in
Afghanistan were the source of many of the finest and largest rubies in gem
collections around the world, such as those in the crown jewels of Iran, the
collection in Istanbul’s Topkapi, Russia’s Kremlin and England’s Tower of
London.
Sapphire is used in Lockheed Martin’s latest laser targeting system,
“Sniper,” which is used on U.S. fighters. The Sniper has a sapphire window
and will be used on the new Lockheed Martin JSF.
Sniper’s window is made of sapphire because it is extraordinarily durable
and transmits a wide range of wavelengths. Tests have shown that the window
was unharmed after being struck by a piece of granite traveling at 197 miles
per hour and a metal nut at 150 miles per hour. The rock shattered and the
nut was bent but Sniper’s sapphire window suffered no damage.
OIL & GAS
Afghanistan has significant oil and gas deposits of its own. “Afghanistan
has one of the largest, if not the largest, reserve of natural gas, which
was already being tapped by the Soviets prior to their invasion,” Chamberlin
said. At its peak in the late 1970s, Afghanistan supplied 70 percent to 90
percent of its natural gas output to the Soviet Union’s natural gas grid via
a link through Uzbekistan.
Although the Soviets estimated Afghanistan’s proven and probable natural gas
reserves to be 5 trillion cubic feet (tcf) and its oil and condensate
reserves at 95 million barrels in the 1970s, current estimates range much
higher. Afghan natural gas production reached 275 million cubic feet per day
(mcf/d) in the mid-1970s but output fell to about 220 mcf/d due to declining
reserves from producing fields. In 1980 the Jorquduq field was brought
online and was expected to boost the nation’s natural gas output to 385
mcf/d by the early 1980s.
Oil exploration and development work as well as plans to build a 10,000
barrels per day refinery were halted after the 1979 Soviet invasion.
Sabotage of infrastructure by the anti-Soviet muja hideen fighters limited
the country’s total production to 290 mcf/d, an output level that held
fairly steady until the Soviet withdrawal in 1989.
In February 1998, the Taliban announced plans to re vive the Afghan National
Oil Company, which was abolished by the Soviet Union after it invaded
Afghanistan in 1979.
U.S. OIL STRATEGY
Afghanistan occupies a central position in the U.S. strategy for the
economic control of the oil and gas resources in the entire Middle East,
according to experts .
Current estimates indicate that, in addition to huge gas deposits, the
Caspian basin may hold as much as 200 billion barrels of oil—33 times the
estimated holdings of Alaska’s North Slope.
V.R. Raghavan, a strategic analyst and former general in the Indian army,
believes that the prospect of a western military presence in a region
extending from Turkey to Tajikistan could not have escaped the geo-political
strategists who waged the military campaign in Afghanistan to overthrow the
Taliban regime and replace it with a government they could control and
protect—with a multinational army.
In 1998, the California-based petroleum giant UNOCAL, which held 46.5
percent stakes in Central Asia Gas (CentGas), a consortium that planned an
ambitious gas pipeline across Afghanistan, withdrew in frustration after
several fruitless years.
The pipeline was to stretch 762 miles from Turkmen istan’s Dauletabad fields
to Multan in Pakistan at an estimated cost of $1.9 billion. An additional
$600 million would have brought the pipeline to energy-hungry India.
Among the many advantages of the Afghanistan route, according to experts
from the oil and gas industry, is that it would terminate in the Arabian
Sea, close to key Asian markets.
Vice President Dick Cheney, as CEO of Halliburton, a major player in the oil
industry, told oil industry executives in 1998, “I cannot think of a time
when we have had a region emerge as suddenly, to become as strategically
significant, as the Caspian.”
http://www.americanfreepress.net/01...e_property.html