Machine Learning List: Vol. 14, No. 8 Saturday, Nov. 2, 2002
Contents Calls for Papers and Other Announcements Call for papers Context03. Notice: dates have changed!!! CFP: ICML-2003 (Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning) Second CFP: 9th International Conference on User Modeling (UM 2003) CFP -- MLJ special issue on Data Mining Lessons Learned IEEE Transactions on SMCB Special Issue on Distributed and Mobile Data Mining Call for contributions - Anticipatory Behavior in Adaptive Learning Systems to include in the ML list GPEM journal special issue on Biological apps of Evolutionary Computation Jobs and Research Opportunities Postdoctoral Fellowships: Expressions of Interest contribution to MLlist New MSc Intelligent Systems Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Machine Learning Other Items of Interest ANN: RocOn - ROC Visualisation Tool The Machine Learning List is moderated. Contributions should be relevant to the scientific study of machine learning. Please send submissions for distribution to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For requests to be added, removed, or to change your email address, send email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] In general, submissions should be no more than a few full-screens of text. For meeting announcements, highlight the conference or workshop web page and give a summary description of the goals of the event. Information such as the list of program committee members, talk schedules, and registration forms are unnecessary and should not be included. Job adds are usually no more than a few full-screens so they should fit naturally. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: Sanja Petrovic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Call for papers Date: Fri, 04 Oct 2002 17:16:04 +0100 CALL FOR PAPERS: Special Issue of JOURNAL OF SCHEDULING on EXPERT SYSTEMS AND MACHINE LEARNING IN SCHEDULING Guest Editor: Sanja Petrovic In recent years there has been an increased interest in the application of expert system methodology to solving complex planning and scheduling problems. This technology provides an appropriate way to build systems that can make use of the knowledge and experience of scheduling experts. A number of promising research areas have become apparent. Particular examples include scheduling systems which are able to learn and adapt to new situations, systems which can handle uncertain knowledge and incomplete information, etc. A special issue of the Journal of Scheduling will be devoted to expert systems and machine learning technology across a variety of scheduling and scheduling-related problems and domains. Topics covered in the special issue may include, but are not restricted to, machine learning and expert system approaches to: - dynamic scheduling environments - repair problems - evaluation of schedules - planning and scheduling of large size problems - distributed planning and scheduling Potential papers could cover a variety of expert systems/machine learning research areas including: - case based reasoning - neural networks - fuzzy logic - artificial immune systems - constraint-based scheduling DATES AND INFORMATION: Deadline for submissions: December 1, 2002 Notification of decision: July 1, 2003 Final versions due: December 1, 2003 Special issue will appear: 2004 Detailed instructions for authors can be found on the Notes for Contributors page of any issues of the journal or on the Web page on "Journal of Scheduling": http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1094-6136/ ------------------------------ From: "Roberta Ferrario" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Context03. Notice: dates have changed!!! Date: Wed, 9 Oct 2002 10:30:24 +0200 PLEASE NOTICE THAT BOTH THE DATES OF THE CONFERENCE AND THE DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS HAVE BEEN POSTP0NED! | CONTEXT'03 | | | | Fourth International and Interdisciplinary Conference on | | Modeling and Using Context | | | | Stanford, California (USA) | | June 23-25, 2003 | | | | (www.context.umcs.maine.edu/CONTEXT-03) | The Fourth International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Modeling and Using Context (CONTEXT'03) will provide a high-quality forum for discussions about context among researchers active in artificial intelligence and other areas of computer science, cognitive science, linguistics, the organizational sciences, philosophy, and psychology. Context affects a wide range of activities in humans and animals as well as in artificial agents and other computer programs. The importance of context is widely acknowledged, and "context" has become an area of study in its own right, as evidenced by the numerous workshops, symposia, seminars, and conferences held recently. CONTEXT, the oldest conference series focusing on context, is unique due to its strong emphasis on interdisciplinary research. Previous CONTEXT conferences have been held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (CONTEXT'97), Trento, Italy (CONTEXT'99), and Dundee, Scotland (CONTEXT'01). Each of these brought together researchers in many disparate fields to discuss and report on research on context-related topics. SUBMISSION OF PAPERS Since CONTEXT'03 will be an interdisciplinary forum, all submissions, in addition to being evaluated for their technical merit, will be evaluated for their accessibility to an interdisciplinary audience. Works that transcend disciplinary boundaries are especially encouraged. Papers will be accepted either for oral presentation or for presentation at a poster session. Each submission will be evaluated by three referees. Complete formatting requirements and detailed instructions for authors can be found on the conference Web page. Note that papers cannot be longer than 14 pages. Papers must be submitted electronically--no hardcopy submissions will be accepted without prior approval from the Program Co-Chairs well in advance of the submission deadline. LaTeX and Word templates are available at the conference Web page. Papers must be in PDF format. See the conference Web page for instructions on converting to this format from Word, LaTeX, etc. IMPORTANT DATES Paper submission deadline...........................January 27, 2003 Notification of acceptance/rejection .................March 13, 2003 Deadline for final versions of accepted papers........April 13, 2003 Conference..........................................June 23-25, 2003 For more information, see http://www.context.umcs.maine.edu ------------------------------ From: Tom Fawcett <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: CFP: ICML-2003 (Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning) Date: Thu, 10 Oct 2002 18:35:38 -0700 Call for Papers The Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning Washington, DC USA August 21-24, 2003 The Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML-2003) will be held in Washington D.C. August 21-24, 2003. The conference will bring together researchers to exchange ideas and report recent progress in the field of machine learning. TOPICS FOR SUBMISSION ICML-2003 welcomes submissions on all topics related to machine learning. In addition to the topics that traditionally are represented at machine learning conferences, we specifically encourage papers on the following topics: - Applications of machine learning, particularly: 1. exploratory research that describes novel learning tasks; 2. applications that require non-standard techniques or shed light on limitations of existing learning techniques; and 3. work that investigates the effect of the developers' decisions about problem formulation, representation or data quality on the learning process. - Analysis of learning algorithms that demonstrate generalization ability and also lead to better understanding of the computational complexity of learning. - The role of learning in spatial reasoning, motor control, and more generally in the performance of intelligent autonomous agents. - The discovery of scientific laws and taxonomies, and the induction of structured models from data. - Computational models of human learning. - Novel formulations of and insights into data clustering. - Learning from non-static data sources: incremental induction, on-line learning and learning from data streams. Submissions that demonstrate both theoretical and empirical rigor are especially encouraged. FORMAT OF THE CONFERENCE The conference will include one day of workshops and tutorials and three days of technical presentations, poster sessions and informal gatherings designed to foster discussion of research in machine learning. The conference will include both plenary and parallel tracks for the presentation of papers published in the conference proceedings. Speakers will also present their work at an evening poster session, which will allow conference attendees to discuss the work with the authors at greater length. In addition to presentations of refereed papers, the conference will include talks by several invited speakers. The conference will be co-located with KDD-2003 and COLT-2003. Details of the co-location will be announced shortly. IMPORTANT DATES Abstracts due: February 10, 2003 Submissions due: February 14, 2003 Acceptance decisions mailed to authors: April 25, 2003 Camera-ready copies of all accepted papers due: May 16, 2003 Authors of conditionally accepted papers notified: May 23, 2003 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION For additional information, please see the conference web site: http://www.hpl.hp.com/conferences/icml2003 which will provide additional details as they become available. ------------------------------ From: Ayse S Goker <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Second CFP: 9th International Conference on User Modeling (UM 2003) Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2002 18:48:57 +0100 (BST) UM 2003: 9th International Conference on User Modeling http://www2.sis.pitt.edu/~um2003/ June 22 to June 26, 2003 University of Pittsburgh Conference Center Johnstown, Pennsylvania, USA CALL FOR PAPERS The International User Modeling Conferences are the events at which research foundations are being laid for the personalization of computer systems. In the last 15 years, the field of User Modelling has produced significant new theories and methods to analyze and model computer users in short and long-term interactions. A user model is an explicit representation of properties of individual users or user classes. It allows the system to adapt its performance to user needs and preferences. Methods for personalizing human-computer interaction based on user models have been successfully developed, applied and evaluated in a number of domains, such as information filtering, e-commerce, adaptive natural language and hypermedia presentation and tutoring systems. New trends in HCI create new and interesting challenges for User Modeling. While consolidating results in traditional domains of interest, the User Modeling field now also addresses problems of personalized interaction in mobile, ubiquitous and context-aware computing and in user interactions with embodied, autonomous agents. It also considers adaptation to user attitudes and affective stat Previous successes in User Modeling research reflect the cooperation of researchers in different fields, including artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, education, cognitive psychology and linguistics. The International User Modeling Conferences are characterized by active participation of people from these areas and by lively discussions in a pleasant environment. UM 2003 is the latest in a conference series begun in 1986, and follows recent meetings in Sonthofen (2001), Banff (1999), Sardinia (1997), Hawaii (1996) and Cape Cod (1994). As in past conferences, UM03 offers the following forms of participation: tutorials, invited talks, paper and poster sessions, a doctoral consortium, workshops and system demonstratio DEADLINES November 11, 2002 - preliminary workshop proposals November 18, 2002 - papers November 25, 2002 - posters November 25, 2002 - final workshop proposals November 25, 2002 - tutorial proposals January 25, 2003 - Doctoral Consortium submissions ------------------------------ From: Tom Fawcett <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: CFP -- MLJ special issue on Data Mining Lessons Learned Date: Thu, 17 Oct 2002 14:21:24 -0700 Call for Papers Machine Learning journal Special Issue on Data Mining Lessons Learned Guest editors: Nada Lavrac, Hiroshi Motoda and Tom Fawcett DESCRIPTION: Data mining is concerned with finding interesting or valuable patterns in data. Many techniques have emerged for analyzing and visualizing large volumes of data, and what we see in the technical literature are mostly success stories of these techniques. We rarely hear of steps leading to success, failed attempts, or critical representation choices made; and rarely do papers include expert evaluations of achieved results. Insightful analyses of successful and unsuccessful applications are crucial for increasing our understanding of machine learning techniques and their limitations. Challenge problems (such as the KDD Cup, COIL and PTE challenges) have become popular in recent years and have attracted numerous participants. These challenge problems usually involve a single difficult problem domain, and participants are evaluated by how well their entries satisfy a domain expert. The results of such challenges can be a useful source of feedback to the research community. At ICML-2002 a workshop on Data Mining Lessons Learned was held and was well attended. This special issue of the Machine Learning journal follows the main goals of that workshop, which are to gather experience from successful and unsuccessful data mining endeavors, and to extract the lessons learned from them. GOALS: The aim of this special issue is to collect the experience gained from data mining applications and challenge competitions. We are interested in lessons learned both from successes and from failures. Authors are invited to report on experiences with challenge problems, experiences in engineering representations for practical problems, and in interacting with experts evaluating solutions. We are also interested in why some particular solutions -- despite good performance -- were not used in practice, or required additional treatment before they could be used. SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS Manuscripts for submission should be prepared according to the instructions at http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~holte/mlj/ In preparing submissions, authors should follow the standard instructions for the Machine Learning journal at http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~holte/mlj/initialsubmission.pdf Submissions should be sent via email to Hiroshi Motoda ([EMAIL PROTECTED]), as well as to Kluwer Academic Publishers ([EMAIL PROTECTED]). In the email please state very clearly that the submission is for the special issue on Data Mining Lessons Learned. DEADLINE submissions: Monday, 7 April, 2003. ------------------------------ From: Hoony Park <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: IEEE Transactions on SMCB Special Issue on Distributed and Mobile Data Mining Date: Wed, 23 Oct 2002 12:46:15 -0400 Call for Papers SPECIAL ISSUE ON DISTRIBUTED AND MOBILE DATA MINING IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, PART B GUEST EDITORS: Hillol Kargupta, Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, Byung-Hoon Park SCOPE: Knowledge discovery and data mining deal with the problem of extracting interesting associations, classifiers, clusters, and other patterns from data. The emergence of network-based computing environments has introduced a new and important dimension to this problem, viz., that of distributed sources of data and computing. The Internet, corporate intranets, sensor networks, and even scientific computing domains (e.g., distributed active archive centers (DAAC) of the NASA Earth Observing System) support this observation. The advent of laptops, palmtops, handhelds, embedded systems, and wearable computers is also making ubiquitous access to a large quantity of distributed data a reality. Advanced analysis of distributed data for extracting useful knowledge is the next natural step in the increasingly connected world of ubiquitous and distributed computing. Most of the popular data mining algorithms are designed to work for centralized data and they often do not pay attention to the resource constraints of distributed and mobile environments. Recent research in this area has demonstrated that handling these resource constraints in an optimal fashion requires a new breed of data mining algorithms and systems that are very different from their centralized counterparts. This special issue will focus on the state-of-the-art developments in the domain of distributed and mobile data mining. PAPER SUBMISSION INSTRUCTION: Your paper must be submitted in Portable Document Format (pdf) or Postscript. It must print correctly on 8.5 X 11 inch paper. For Unix and Windows systems there are postscript to pdf converters, notably ps2pdf which is a part of ghostscript. A text version of your abstract is required. When you are ready to submit, please follow this link to the SMC ManuscriptCentral site: http://smcb-ieee.manuscriptcentral.com/ You will have to create an account, if you do not yet have one. Then you will log in and be asked for contact information, keywords and an abstract. You will then upload your paper and any attachment files (see for more information http://isl.csee.usf.edu/smcB). In the notes to the editor, please clearly indicate that this paper is for our special issue so that it gets routed correctly. Then a paper number will be generated and returned to you. The site has instructions and/or help buttons on each page. After the submission please send a note to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with the title of the paper and the names of the authors. TARGET DATES: Submission deadline: January 1, 2003 Acceptance notification: April 2, 2003 Final Papers: May 30, 2003 ------------------------------ From: Martin Butz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Call for contributions - Anticipatory Behavior in Adaptive Learning Systems Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2002 13:38:34 -0600 (CST) ABiALS 2002 Post Proceedings Book: "Anticipatory Behavior in Adaptive Learning Systems: Foundations, Theories, and Systems" This upcoming volume addresses the question of when, where, and how anticipations are useful in adaptive systems. Anticipations refer to the influence of future predictions or future expectations on behavior and learning. ABiALS 2002 was a first interdisciplinary gathering of people interested in how anticipations can be used efficiently to improve behavior and learning. Four fundamentally different systems were distinguished: (1) Implicitly anticipatory systems are those that act/learn in an intelligent way but do not include any predictive bias in the applied learning and/or behavioral mechanisms. (2) Payoff anticipatory systems are those systems that do compare payoff predictions for action decisions but do not use any state predictions. (3) Sensory anticipatory systems are systems that use sensory predictions to improve perceptual processing (e.g. preparatory attention). (4) State anticipatory systems are systems that form explicit future predictions/expectations that influence action decisions and learning. The book "Anticipatory Behavior in Adaptive Learning Systems" will address the latter two of the four types of systems. Submissions are welcome that are concerned with any type of sensory anticipatory or state anticipatory system. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: Most of the research over the last years in artificial adaptive behavior concerned with model learning and anticipatory behavior has focused on the model learning side. Research is particularly engaged in online generalized model learning. Until now, though, exploitation of the model has been done mainly to show that exploitation is possible or that an appropriate model exists in the first place. Only very few applications are available that show the utility of the model for the simulation of anticipatory behavior. The aim of this book is to lay out the foundations for a study of anticipatory learning and behavior. The content will be divided roughly into three chapters. The first chapter will provide psychological background that not only supports the presence of anticipatory mechanisms in ``higher'' animals and humans but also sheds light on when and why anticipatory mechanisms can be useful. Chapter 2 will provide foundations and frameworks for the study of anticipatory mechanisms distinguishing fundamentally different mechanisms. Finally, Chapter 3 will contain examples of implemented frameworks and systems. Submission deadline is DECEMBER 20, 2002. For more information please refer to the workshop page: http://www-illigal.ge.uiuc.edu/ABiALS/ Please also see our introductory talk to the workshop for more detailed information on anticipations and different types of anticipatory behavior: http://www-illigal.ge.uiuc.edu/ABiALS/ABiALS2002Introduction.htm There is also an introductory paper available that provides further general information on the topic: http://www-illigal.ge.uiuc.edu/ABiALS/Papers/ABiALS2002Intro.pdf IMPORTANT DATES: 20.December 2002: Deadline for Submissions 24.January 2002: Notification of Acceptance 21.February 2002: Camera Ready Version for LNAI Volume ------------------------------ From: Stan Matwin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: to include in the ML list Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2002 15:33:16 +0000 Machine Learning Journal Special Issue on Inductive Logic Programming and Relational Learning Following the 13th Int'l Conference on ILP in Sydney, Australia, in Julky 2002, ML Journal has invited a Special Issue on ILP and relational Learning. Please see the CFP at http://www.site.uottawa.ca/~stan/MLJ-SI-ILP/cfp1.htm ------------------------------ From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (James A. Foster) Subject: GPEM journal special issue on Biological applications of Evolutionary Computation Date: Fri, 1 Nov 2002 11:52:18 -0800 Journal of GENETIC PROGRAMMING AND EVOLVABLE MACHINES Submissions are invited for a special issue of the journal on the theme of BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION Wolfgang Banzhaf and James Foster, editors The field of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation has greatly benefited by borrowing ideas from Biology. Recently, it has become clear that GEC can help to solve biological problems, and thereby to "repay the debt". It is also becoming apparent that the computer itself can be used as a model organism with which to study evolutionary processes in nature. We invite manuscripts presenting significant original research that applies GEC to biological problems. Topics of interest include (but not limited to): + Data mining biological data repositories + Sequence alignment + Phylogenetic reconstruction + Gene expression and regulation, alternate splicing + Functional diversification through gene duplication and exon shuffling + Structure Prediction for biological molecules (structural genomics and proteomics) + Network reconstruction for development, expression, metabolism, catalysis, etc. + Dynamical system approaches to biological systems + Simulation of cells, viruses, organisms, and ecologies More information about GPEM (including contents of recent issues) can be found at http://www.kluweronline.com/issn/1389-2576 IMPORTANT DATES February 15, 2003: SUBMISSIONS due April 15, 2003: REVIEWS back to authors May 15, 2003: REVISIONS due (if necessary) June 15, 2003: CAMERA-READY versions due Publication is expected in 2003. ------------------------------ From: George Paliouras <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Postdoctoral Fellowships: Expressions of Interest Date: Mon, 23 Sep 2002 15:46:15 +0300 Postdoctoral Fellowships: Expressions of Interest Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications (IIT) Software and Knowledge Engineering Laboratory (SKEL) NCSR "Demokritos" http://www.iit.demokritos.gr/skel/ IIT is looking for young researchers with a doctorate degree in a informatics (or related engineering, physical and mathematical sciences) and research activity in one or more of the following areas, which are of interest to the Software and Knowledge Engineering Laboratory: Knowledge Management / Ontologies Semantic Web Language Engineering Human-Computer Interaction User Modelling Multimedia Information Processing Information Retrieval Machine Learning Knowledge Discovery from Data / Data Mining Multiagent Systems with an emphasis on Web applications. Further information about the activity of SKEL is available in the above-mentioned Web site. Expressions of interest should include a recent CV and should be addressed to the head of SKEL: Dr. Constantine D. SPyropoulos Tel: +30-(0)10-6503196 Fax: +30-(0)10-6532175 email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------------------------------ From: Kai Ming Ting <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: contribution to MLlist Date: Tue, 08 Oct 2002 12:34:43 +1000 Two ARC Australian Postgraduate Awards Industry (APAI) The postgraduates will work on a research project with Telstra on developing machine learning methods to predict customer behaviour. The scholarships are funded by the Australian Research Council, $22,771 (tax-free) per year, for three years. The applicants will be required to be knowledgeable in the following areas: machine learning, mathematics, statistics, econometrics, information theory, algorithms, data mining or in a related area, and be proficient in programming in C, C++ or Java. More details can be obtained from: http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~dwa/apai.html Closing date: November 11th 2002. ------------------------------ From: Stefan Wermter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: New MSc Intelligent Systems Date: Wed, 09 Oct 2002 18:02:35 +0100 New MSc Intelligent Systems The School of Computing and Technology, University of Sunderland is delighted to announce the launch of its new MSc Intelligent Systems programme for 24th February. Building on the School's leading edge research in intelligent systems this masters programme will be funded via the ESF scheme (see below). Intelligent Systems is an exciting field of study for science and industry since the currently existing computing systems have often not yet reached the various aspects of human performance. "Intelligent Systems" is a term to describe software systems and methods, which simulate aspects of intelligent behaviour. The intention is to learn from nature and human performance in order to build more powerful computing systems. The aim is to learn from cognitive science, neuroscience, biology, engineering, and linguistics for building more powerful computational system architectures. In this programme a wide variety of novel and exciting techniques will be taught including neural networks, intelligent robotics, machine learning, natural language processing, vision, evolutionary genetic computing, data mining, information retrieval, Bayesian computing, knowledge-based systems, fuzzy methods, and hybrid intelligent architectures. PROGRAMME STRUCTURE The following lectures/modules are available: Neural Networks Intelligent Systems Architectures Learning Agents Evolutionary Computation Cognitive Neural Science Knowledge Based Systems and Data Mining Bayesian Computation Vision and Intelligent Robots Natural Language Processing Dynamics of Adaptive Systems Intelligent Systems Programming Funding up to 6000 pounds (9500Euro) for eligible students The Bursary Scheme applies to this Masters programme commencing February 2003 and we have obtained funding through the European Social Fund (ESF). ESF support enables the University to waive the normal tuition fee and provide a bursary of £ 75 per week for 45 weeks for eligible EU students, together up to 6000 pounds. For further information in the first instance please see: http://osiris.sund.ac.uk/webedit/allweb/courses/progmode.php?prog=G550A&mode=FT&mode2=&dmode=C For information on applications and start dates contact: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Tel: 0191 515 2758 For academic information about the programme contact: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------------------------------ From: Russ Greiner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Machine Learning Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2002 22:03:40 -0600 We are pleased to announce the creation of the new Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Machine Learning. This multi-year, multi-million dollar centre, located at the University of Alberta (Edmonton), will conduct the highest quality research in both fundamental and applied machine learning. While we will initially focus on * bioinformatics * interactive entertainment (including computer games) we are eager to extend to any other area related to Machine Learning and Datamining. We are currently recruiting at essentially EVERY level: faculty members (junior or senior; even endowed chairs!) post-doctoral fellows / research associates graduate students -- both MSc and PhD We also have a substantial budget to support visitors, both short and long term. For more information, see http://www.aicml.ca or contact us at [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------------------------------ From: Jim Farrand <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: ANN: RocOn - ROC Visualisation Tool Date: Fri, 4 Oct 2002 10:14:26 +0100 (BST) ROCOn is a tool to aid ROC analysis of machine learning classifiers. Features include: o Visualisation of a 2D ROC space o Plots TP-rate/FP-rate of classifiers o Can generate a spread of points for single probabalistic classifier o Plots ROC curve and convex hull o Runs as a standaline app or embedded in a web-page o ROC graphs can be exported to JPEG or EPS ROCOn is available from the University of Bristol at: http://www.cs.bris.ac.uk/~farrand/rocon/ ------------------------------ End of ML-LIST Digest Vol 14, No. 8 ***********************************