I've found some indications on the web. It's about the "struts.jar" file. In the article, below, the author deals with TOMCAT. It's also true with WEBSPHERE. I've found it on http://www.husted.com/about/struts/kickstart.html. More about Classpaths There has been some confusion around the issue of placing "struts.jar" on your CLASSPATH at execution time, in a servlet container like Tomcat that makes all such libraries visible to web applications. This message is an attempt to clarify the issues, and document why this is prohibited. * The "struts.jar" must appear on your classpath at compile time for your web application. The easiest way to make this happen is to use an Ant "build.xml" file (like Struts itself does) that sets the classpath dynamically, or create a custom shell script that sets the classpath temporarily for compiling Struts based classes. * The "servlet.jar" file (from your servlet container) must be on your classpath at compile time as well, because your application's Action classes will refer to interfaces that are defined here. * For reasons discussed further below, "struts.jar" MUST NOT be on your system CLASSPATH when you start your servlet container (in particular, this applies to Tomcat). * Placing JAR files in $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext (the system extensions directory for Java2) is the same as placing them on the classpath. In other words, you will NOT want to put "struts.jar" or "servlet.jar" there. * For Tomcat, placing JAR files in the "lib" directory (as opposed to the WEB-INF/lib directory of your web app) causes them to be added to the CLASSPATH automatically. Therefore, you should not put struts.jar here either. The reason that putting "struts.jar" on your classpath is a bad idea has to do with the way classloaders work in most servlet containers. The details differ between them -- but here is the scoop for Tomcat (3.x and 4.x): * The library files that are placed on the CLASSPATH when Tomcat starts up are made visible through the "system" class loader. * Each individual web application has a custom class loader created for it, which makes the classes in WEB-INF/classes and WEB-INF/lib visible. The "parent" class loader of this custom class loader is set to the system class loader mentioned above. * When classes are loaded, the JVM starts at the bottom of the hierarchy of class loaders, with the webapp class loader, and works its way up the hierarchy until it finds that class. Thus, if you have struts.jar in the system classpath, classes from struts.jar will be loaded by the system class loader instead of the web app class loader. * When a loaded class references other classes, it looks in its own class loader first, and then up the hierarchy. Under NO circumstances will it go down the hierarchy. * Therefore, if a Struts class is loaded from the system class path, that class CANNOT see any of your application classes in WEB-INF/classes or WEB-INF/lib -- you will get ClassNotFoundException instead. This is the reason that the Struts example application will not run when you have "struts.jar" on your CLASSPATH. The digester module of Struts is loaded from the system class path. Therefore, it cannot see the "User" class of the example app, because that class is under WEB-INF/classes. If you find that you need to put "struts.jar" on your system classpath to make Struts work in Tomcat, that means your Tomcat install has been corrupted. If you find that your own app will not work UNLESS struts.jar is in the system classpath, there is something about your application organization that needs to be analyzed in detail. [EMAIL PROTECTED]@marine.alstom.com le 25/06/2001 15:18:26 Veuillez répondre à [EMAIL PROTECTED] Pour : [EMAIL PROTECTED] cc : Objet : Problem loading DATABASE: org.xml.sax.SAXException Hello! I am using STRUTS with WEBSPHERE 3.5.3. I try to use the STRUTS EXAMPLE. When I start the Default Server via the Admin Console, I have the following exception: 22/06/01 14:19 : AUDIT [uc2902/Default Server]: SRVE0091I: [Servlet LOG]: "database: Initializing database servlet" 22/06/01 14:19 : AUDIT [uc2902/Default Server]: SRVE0091I: [Servlet LOG]: "database: Loading database from '/WEB-INF/database.xml'" 22/06/01 14:19 : AUDIT [uc2902/Default Server]: SRVE0092I: [Servlet LOG]: "database: Database load exception": org.xml.sax.SAXException: org.apache.struts.webapp.example.User at com.sun.xml.parser.Parser.parseInternal(Parser.java:461) at com.sun.xml.parser.Parser.parse(Parser.java:284) at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(SAXParser.java:155) at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(SAXParser.java:77) at org.apache.struts.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:755) at org.apache.struts.webapp.example.DatabaseServlet.load(DatabaseServlet.java:251) at org.apache.struts.webapp.example.DatabaseServlet.init(DatabaseServlet.java:175) at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:258) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.StrictServletInstance.doInit(ServletManager.java:604) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.StrictLifecycleServlet._init(StrictLifecycleServlet.java:136) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.PreInitializedServletState.init(StrictLifecycleServlet.java:244) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.StrictLifecycleServlet.init(StrictLifecycleServlet.java:102) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.ServletInstance.init(ServletManager.java:284) at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:258) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.ServletManager.addServlet(ServletManager.java:76) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.WebAppServletManager.loadServlet(WebAppServletManager.java:91) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.WebAppServletManager.loadAutoLoadServlets(WebAppServletManager.java:158) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.WebApp.loadServletManager(WebApp.java:806) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.webapp.WebApp.init(WebApp.java:93) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.srt.WebGroup.loadWebApp(WebGroup.java:121) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.srt.WebGroup.init(WebGroup.java:82) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.srt.WebGroup.restart(WebGroup.java:155) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.ServletHost.restartWebGroup(ServletHost.java:176) at com.ibm.servlet.engine.ServletEngineDynamicUpdateSupport.restartWebGroup(ServletEngineDynamicUpdateSupport.java:106) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.active.ActiveServletGroup.setRefreshConfigAction(ActiveServletGroup.java:193) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.agent.AdminAgentImpl.activeObjectInvocation(AdminAgentImpl.java:93) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.active.ActiveObject.invokeContainedObject(ActiveObject.java:487) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.agent.AdminAgentImpl.activeObjectInvocation(AdminAgentImpl.java:110) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.active.ActiveObject.invokeContainedObject(ActiveObject.java:487) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.agent.AdminAgentImpl.activeObjectInvocation(AdminAgentImpl.java:110) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.agent.AdminAgentImpl.invokeActiveObject(AdminAgentImpl.java:62) at com.ibm.ejs.sm.agent._AdminAgentImpl_Tie._invoke(_AdminAgentImpl_Tie.java:80) at com.ibm.CORBA.iiop.ExtendedServerDelegate.dispatch(ExtendedServerDelegate.java:506) at com.ibm.CORBA.iiop.ORB.process(ORB.java:2282) at com.ibm.CORBA.iiop.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.java:195) at com.ibm.ejs.oa.pool.ThreadPool$PooledThread.run(ThreadPool.java:535) Could anyone help me? Thanks. MIKAEL
