I have been a dedicated foe of the Rossi Planet since February 2009. I 
interacted with his cohorts in New Hampshire. Even they had no idea what he was 
doing, because the first 11 'independent tests
\' all broke down and were indeterminate.

Eight years later nothing has changed. He has duped a cadre of gullable and 
hopeful folks from the LENR community. With any luck he will be incarcerated 
for fraud and tax evasion.

________________________________
From: Adrian Ashfield <a.ashfi...@verizon.net>
Sent: Monday, April 24, 2017 4:52 PM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: Re: [Vo]:The Kerr effect

Brian Ahern,
The proof that Rossi's E-cats don't work is less than that they do.
It serves no useful purpose to continually repeat your insults with no actual 
content.
I wonder what you will say if Rossi comes up with a decent demo this Summer.



-----Original Message-----
From: Axil Axil <janap...@gmail.com>
To: vortex-l <vortex-l@eskimo.com>
Sent: Mon, Apr 24, 2017 3:01 pm
Subject: Re: [Vo]:The Kerr effect

One consideration that I feel is important to understand is what PT symmetry 
violation means with respect to CP symmetry violation. We understand that we 
can produce PT symmetry breaking using optical mechanisms but can PT symmetry 
violation somehow generate CP violation which is required to produce the decay 
of the nucleon (protons and neutrons)?

>From the various descriptions of symmetry in this article:
https://www.europhysicsnews.org/articles/epn/pdf/2016/02/epn2016472p17.pdf

Space time (PT) Symmetry is only valid in an open system where energy and/or 
matter can be gained or lost. In a closed system, PT symmetry does not exist 
since a closed system can neither gain nor lose energy and/or matter. Because 
LENR requires CP symmetry breaking and CP symmetry breaking requires PT 
symmetry breaking, LENR can only occur in an open system.

Open vs. Closed Systems

Systems can be either open or closed. A closed system is one where a quantity 
or series of quantities cannot enter or leave the system. For example, a system 
might be closed to energy, meaning energy might not be able to enter or leave 
the system. A vacuum thermos flask does a really good job of stopping energy 
from leaving the system to keep your drink warm. So it might make sense to 
treat it as a closed system - but no system in the real world is ever perfectly 
closed, so it will only be an approximation.

The opposite of a closed system is an open system. An open system is one where 
a quantity or series of quantities can enter or leave the system to a 
significant degree. If you pour your hot drink into a mug instead of a vacuum 
thermos flask, the heat will escape relatively quickly into its surroundings. 
So a mug is most certainly an open system! Open systems are a lot more 
complicated to understand than closed systems, and so scientists prefer to work 
with closed systems when possible. Science usually stays away from open systems 
because closed systems makes things much simpler to explain and can be a good 
starting point before trying to explain open systems, too. Quantum mechanics 
only deals with closed systems.

Traveling backward in time.

If you make a movie of yourself throwing a ball, and thread the film backwards, 
it'll look the same as you catching a ball. So if you want to think of the 
falling object as being the same as the rising one going backwards in time, the 
physics will support that statement, but it doesn't sound all that cool.  It 
is, however, the same thing as antimatter being viewed as going backwards in 
time.

At the most basic level, the laws of physics are symmetrical: reverse time and 
they will follow the same route in reverse.  Reverse the charge, and things 
will be attracted where they would have repulsed, and vice versa.  Flip them 
both, and you've flipped it twice, so it's just like you started.

Since a positron is exactly like an electron, only with the opposite charge, 
then if you (a) replace an electron with a positron, and (b) reverse time, it 
behaves exactly like an electron.  The physicists call this Charge/Parity (CP) 
symmetry, where "parity" is actually more like looking at things in a mirror 
rather than flipping time, but it's the same idea.

Flipping time is another way of looking at flipping left and right: a 
left-moving object going forwards in time is just like a right-moving object 
moving backwards.

An electron like a ball sitting in the same spot is a closed system. It cannot 
change into a positron because it is not moving. The motionless ball is a 
closed system which cannot experience CP symmetry breaking. A moving ball is an 
open system where its motion can be deemed to have CP symmetry.

So in an open system that has experienced PT symmetry breaking, LENR occurs 
because the nucleon undergoes CP symmetry breaking since in this case PT = CP.

In optics, there are special conditions involving optical cavities that can 
experience PT summitry breaking. These cavities can reach out magnetically and 
become entangled with nucleons via their magnetic projections. This phenomenon 
is known as the chiral magnetic effect(1) — “chiral” means “distinguishing left 
from right, When PT symmetry is broken in these entangled open systems of 
optical cavities and nucleons decay via CP symmetry breaking. The energy of the 
nucleon decay flows one way into the optical cavity.

It seems to me that it is central to the understanding of LENR to appreciate 
the mechanisms of symmetry breaking with regards to nucleons.

1 - 
http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2010/02/16/violating-parity-with-quarks-and-gluons/#comments
[http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/cosmicvariance/files/2010/02/qgp.jpg]<http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2010/02/16/violating-parity-with-quarks-and-gluons/#comments>

Violating Parity with Quarks and Gluons | Sean 
Carroll<http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2010/02/16/violating-parity-with-quarks-and-gluons/#comments>
www.preposterousuniverse.com
Hey, nobody told me that having a blog would involve homework. But here’s Jerry 
Coyne, nudging me into talking about a story in this morning’s New York Times 
...



On Sun, Apr 23, 2017 at 9:47 PM, Axil Axil 
<janap...@gmail.com<mailto:janap...@gmail.com>> wrote:
A post that might hold some insights as follows:


  1.  Giuseppe April 23, 2017 at 3:37 
PM<http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=892&cpage=230#comment-1276782>
Dear Andrea,

seems that to activate the E-Cat you need heat, does the QuarkX need heat to be 
activated?

Best regards, Giuseppe
  2.  Andrea Rossi April 23, 2017 at 3:48 
PM<http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=892&cpage=230#comment-1276783>
Giuseppe:

Not exactly. The mechanism is much more complex and is based on electromagnetic 
fields.

Warm Regards,

A.R.

================
The nature of the LENR reaction has evolved when the gas envelope is in the 
plasma state to depend solely on optical mechanisms. An EMF trigger is the 
factor can gets the LENR reaction going. not heat. As stated in the Rossi 
patent, very high voltage electrostatic potential is that trigger. The name of 
the triggering effect is "kerr effect". The minimum voltage at which the kerr 
effect is triggered is 30,000 volts.

This trigger applies to both Rossi's low temperature reactions and his plasma 
based reactions.

Kerr electro-optic effect
The Kerr electro-optic effect, or DC Kerr effect, is the special case in which 
a slowly varying external electric field is applied by, for instance, a 
voltage<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage> on electrodes across the sample 
material. Under this influence, the sample becomes 
birefringent<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringent>, with different 
indices of refraction for light 
polarized<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)> parallel to or 
perpendicular to the applied field. The difference in index of refraction is 
controlled by the strength of the applied electric field.


[1-physicistsob.jpg]
Birefringence modifies how light behaves inside a whispering gallery wave.

Birefringence is the optical<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics> property of 
a material having a refractive 
index<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index> that depends on the 
polarization<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)> and 
propagation direction of light<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light>. These 
optically anisotropic<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anisotropic> materials are 
said to be birefringent (or birefractive). The birefringence is often 
quantified as the maximum difference between refractive indices exhibited by 
the material. Crystals<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal> with non-cubic 
crystal structures<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure> are often 
birefringent, as are plastics<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic> under 
mechanical stress<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_stress>.

The kerr effect produces a change in stated of the optical properties that 
underpin the LENR reaction. Research should be directed at finding where that 
change of state sets in.

As in Holmlid's experiments, a laser can produce the kerr effect

Optical Kerr effect
The optical Kerr effect, or AC Kerr effect is the case in which the electric 
field is due to the light itself. This causes a variation in index of 
refraction which is proportional to the local 
irradiance<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance> of the light. This 
refractive index variation is responsible for the nonlinear 
optical<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_optics> effects of 
self-focusing<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-focusing>, self-phase 
modulation<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-phase_modulation> and 
modulational 
instability<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulational_instability>, and is the 
basis for Kerr-lens 
modelocking<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr-lens_modelocking>. This effect 
only becomes significant with very intense beams such as those from 
lasers<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser>. The optical Kerr effect has also 
been observed to dynamically alter the mode-coupling properties in multimode 
fibre, a technique that has potential applications for all-optical switching 
mechanisms.

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