Share with your connections! On Friday, January 3, 2014 at 5:50:18 PM UTC+5:30, AYUSH Adivasi Yuva Shakti wrote:
> > > > > [image: Inline image 1] > > > > there is no definition and para meters in constitution to define Scheduled > Tribe.This is the borrowed concept of East India Company and European > colonization's slavery code imposed on Indigenous people and same adopted > in Constitution as to to. During the Constitution debate Nov.1949, > Adivasi representative Mr. Jaipal Singh Manda was raised the points before > Hon;ble Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, (Chairman Drafting Committee) Pt. Jawahar > Lal Neharu ( Prime Minister) , and Dr. Rajendra Prasad ( President) that.... > " You are saying to me jangali Adivasi, yes I am proud to be Adivasi, but > why you people are not saying to me Adivasi in Constitution" ? The answer > is still awaited and all intellectuals are silence. > > > > यावर भारतीय घटना समितीमध्ये आदिवासीचे प्रतिनिधित्व करणारे मा. जयपाल सिंग > मुंडा म्हणतात की, आदिवासीवर ६हजार वर्षापासून केलेल्या अन्यायाची पुनरावृती > स्वतंत्र भारताच्या घटनेत करण्यात आली. हा भारतीय आधुनिक लोकशाहीतील > आदिवासीच्या संदर्भातला काळा इतिहास आहे. . डॉ. राजेंद्र प्रसाद भारताचे पहिले > राष्ट्रपती, पं. जवाहरलाल नेहरू भारताचे पहिले पंतप्रधान , आणि डॉ. बाबासाहेब > आंबेडकर भारतीय घटनेचे शिल्पकार यांच्यासमोर, मा. जयपाल सिंग मुंडा, आपल्या > ''Objective Resolution'' या विषयावरील पहिल्या भाषणात आदिवासीच्या संदर्भाने > मांडतात की… > ‘’Sir, if there is any group of Indian people, that has been shabbily > treated it is my people. They have been disgracefully treated, neglected > for the 6000 years. The history of the Indus Valley civilization a child of > which I am, show quite clearly that it is the new comers most of you here > are intruders as far as I am concerned.’’ > त्याही पुढे मा. जयपाल सिंग मुंडा यांनी आदिवासींना जंगली म्हणविनाऱ्या घटना > समितीच्या सदस्यांना ठकवून सांगितले की, '' तुम्ही आम्हाला जंगली म्हणता? > आम्ही जंगली नसून या देशाचे मूळनिवासी आहोत. आताच आपण मला आदिवासी म्हटले. होय > मी आदिवासीच आहे आणि आदिवासी असल्याचा मला स्वाभिमान आहे. पण आपण आम्हास, > भारतीय घटनेत आदिवासी का म्हणीत नाही ? मा. जयपाल सिंग मुंडा यांच्या या > कडव्या सवालावर भारतीय घटना समितीच्या सर्व सदस्यानी मौन पाळले होते. या मौन > धारण करणाऱ्यावर मा . जयपाल सिंग मुंडा अतिशय दुःख व्यक्त करतात की, आदिवासीने > नकेलेल्या चुकीला, भारताच्या आधुनिक लोकशाहीमध्ये साकारून आदिवासीच्या वांशिक > गटाचे अस्तित्व समूळ नष्ट करण्याचे षड्यंत्र उभे केले. > > > > ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > Jaipal Singh Munda: January, 1903 – March, 1970. A distinguished > parliamentarian, a sportsman of international repute, an educationist, a > politician with great vision and courage, a powerful orator with mastery > over multiple national and foreign languages, Jaipal Singh Munda was a > multi-faceted personality. > > With a typical Munda ear for music, love for dance and theatre, the “man > extraordinary” was destined to lead the Adivasi movement. A student of St > John’s College, Oxford, Jaipal graduated in 1926 with Honours in Economics. > At Oxford he made a name as an all- rounder, excelling in studies, sports > and in debating. He was an Oxford blue in hockey and a regular columnist on > hockey in the London press. He was the president of the Junior Common Room > at St John’s College, an honour not non-British student managed. > > As the president of the Oxford Indian Majlis, Jaipal interacted with > personalities like C.F. Andrews, Annie Besant and Lala Lajpat Rai. The > leader of the Swatantra Party, N.G. Ranga, a contemporary of Jaipal in > Oxford had said of him, “ Even in those days, Jaipal would never tolerate > denigration of Indians by the British, he was unique in many ways”. > > In 1927-28 Jaipal was selected as a Indian Civil Service probationer that > required two years of training in Oxford. During this period, he was > appointed the captain of the first Indian national hockey team in the > Olympic Hockey Tournament in Amsterdam in 1928, where India won the gold. > He led his team successfully through all the matches. However, he did not > play in the title clash with Holland as he had to return to London for his > ICS final. > > Jaipal scored highest marks in ICS viva voce, but was asked to repeat a > year as he broke the term for his Amsterdam trips. Jaipal felt humiliated > at this, specially after his hockey laurels for which even the viceroy of > India had wired congratulatory messages to him. He resigned from ICS and > took up a job with Burma Shell as a senior executive, appointed directly by > the chairman of the company. During his posting in Calcutta, he married > Tara Wienfried Majumdar, the grand-daughter of Woomesh Chandra Banerjee, > the first and the third president of the Indian National Congress. In 1934, > Jaipal joined as a commerce teacher at the Prince of Wales College at > Achimota, Gold Coast, Ghana. In 1937, he returned to India as the > vice-principal and the principal incumbent of the Rajkumar College, Raipur. > In 1938, he left the school and joined as the colonization minister and > revenue commissioner in the Bikaner princely State and was promoted as > foreign secretary. Jaipal thought that with his varied experience he could > be more useful to the country through the Congress. His encounter with > Rajendra Prasad at the Sadaaquat Ashram in Patna, however, did not go well. > The then Governor of Bihar, Sir Maurice Hallet offered to nominate him to > the Bihar Legislative Council but Jaipal declined. Sir Hallet and the Chief > Secretary of Bihar, Robert Russell, then suggested that he return to Ranchi > and take charge of the Adivasi movement that had just started. > > In deference to their wishes, Jaipal now decided to go to Ranchi and > assess the situation for himself. The return to Ranchi was Jaipal’s > homecoming. > > > Biography is a genre poorly developed in India, but there do exist > serviceable lives of our major nationalist leaders. Those interested in > Gandhi and Gokhale can read works on them by B.R. Nanda. Admirers of Patel > can turn to the life of the Sardar by Rajmohan Gandhi. And both admirers > and detractors of Jawaharlal Nehru can turn, for ammunition, to the > three-volume biography by Sarvepalli Gopal. > > These works have their limitations. For one thing, they all focus on the > politics, leaving out the personality. Still, these books are solidly > researched and reliable, and provide a decent enough account of their > subjects’ political careers. Less fortunate have been Indian politicians > who worked outside the realm of the Congress. There are no lives, good or > bad, of such figures as the Kashmiri nationalist, Sheikh Abdullah, the Sikh > leader, Master Tara Singh, the communist thinker and administrator, E.M.S. > Namboodiripad, and the Naga freedom-fighter, Angami Zapu Phizo. Yet these > are all figures of extraordinary interests, whose life and work illuminate > many aspects of our modern history. > > Among this list of unusual, but poorly remembered, characters is Jaipal > Singh of Jharkhand. Jaipal was a Munda from Chotanagpur, the forested > plateau peopled by numerous tribes all more-or-less distinct from caste > Hindu society. Sent by missionaries to study in Oxford, on his return he > did not, as his sponsors no doubt hoped, preach the Gospel, but came to > invent a kind of gospel of his own. This held that the tribals were the > “original inhabitants” of India — hence the term adibasi or adivasi, which > means precisely that. Jaipal formed an Adivasi Mahasabha in 1938 which > asked for a separate state of “Jharkhand”, to be carved out of Bihar. To > the tribals of Chotanagpur, he was Marang Gomke or “Great Leader”. > > Jaipal has been in my mind recently, for two reasons. One is that I have > been reading the debates of the constituent assembly of India. The other > reason I shall come to presently. > > In the constituent assembly, Jaipal Singh came to represent the tribals > not just of his native plateau, but also of all of India. He was a gifted > speaker, whose interventions both enlivened and entertained the House. (In > this respect, the Church’s loss was unquestionably politics’ gain.) His > first speech was made on December 19, 1946, when, in welcoming the > Objectives Resolution, he provided a masterly summation of the adivasi case. > > “As a jungli, as an Adibasi,” said Jaipal, “I am not expected to > understand the legal intricacies of the Resolution. But my common sense > tells me that every one of us should march in that road to freedom and > fight together. Sir, if there is any group of Indian people that has been > shabbily treated it is my people. They have been disgracefully treated, > neglected for the last 6,000 years. The history of the Indus Valley > civilization, a child of which I am, shows quite clearly that it is the new > comers — most of you here are intruders as far as I am concerned — it is > the new comers who have driven away my people from the Indus Valley to the > jungle fastness...The whole history of my people is one of continuous > exploitation and dispossession by the non-aboriginals of India punctuated > by rebellions and disorder, and yet I take Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru at his > word. I take you all at your word that now we are going to start a new > chapter, a new chapter of independent India where there is equality of > opportunity, where no one would be neglected.” The Resolution, to Jaipal, > was simply a modern restatement of his own people’s point of view. In > adivasi society, there was no discrimination by caste and gender. Thus “you > cannot teach democracy to the tribal people; you have to learn democratic > ways from them.” > > Eight months later, Jaipal was asked to speak in the debate on the > national flag. Jawaharlal Nehru had moved a resolution proposing that the > flag be a “horizontal tricolour of saffron, white and dark green in equal > proportions”, with a wheel in navy blue in the centre. On behalf of his > people, Jaipal said he had “great pleasure in acknowledging this Flag as > the Flag of our country in future”. > > But then he continued, “Sir, most of the members of this House are > inclined to think that the flag hoisting is the privilege of the Aryan > civilized. Sir, the Adibasis had been the first to hoist flags and fight > for their flags. …Each village has its own flag and that flag cannot be > copied by any other tribe. If any one dared challenge that flag, Sir, I can > assure you that that particular tribe would shed its last drop of blood in > defending the honour of that flag. Hereafter, there will be two Flags, one > Flag which has been here for the past six thousand years, and the other > will be this National Flag…This National Flag will give a new message to > the Adibasis of India that their struggle for freedom for the last six > thousand years is at last over, that they will now be as free as any other > in this country.” > > Two years later, in the discussion on the draft Constitution, Jaipal made > a speech that was spirited in all senses of the word. Bowing to pressure by > Gandhians, the prohibition of alcohol had been made a Directive Principle. > This, said the adivasi leader, was an interference “with the religious > rights of the most ancient people in the country”. For drink was part of > their festivals, their rituals, indeed their daily life itself. Thus in > West Bengal “it would be impossible for paddy to be transplanted if the > Santhal does not get his rice beer. These ill-clad men …have to work > knee-deep in water throughout the day, in drenching rain and in mud. What > is it in the rice beer that keeps them alive? I wish the medical > authorities in this country would carry out research in their laboratories > to find out what it is that the rice beer contains, of which the Adibasis > need so much and which keeps them against all manner of diseases.” > > The constituent assembly had convened a sub-committee on tribal rights > headed by the veteran social worker, A.V. Thakkar. Its findings, and the > words of Jaipal and company, sensitized the House to the tribal > predicament. As a member from Bihar observed, “the tribal people have been > made a pawn on the chess-board of provincial politics”. There had been > “exploitation on a mass scale; we must hang down our heads in shame”. The > “we” referred to Hindu society as a whole. It had sinned against adivasis > by either ignoring them or exploiting them. It had done little to bring > them modern facilities of education and health; it had colonized their land > and forests; and it had brought them under a regime of usury and debt. > > In acknowledgement of this, the Constitution mandated that a portion of > government jobs and seats in legislatures be reserved for adivasis. As with > the untouchables, this was a matter of compensatory justice: a case of > Hindus making up in the present for the crimes they had committed in the > past. > > Jaipal Singh’s work in bringing the tribal question to centre stage is now > largely forgotten. Reading the constituent assembly debates forcibly > brought him back to my attention. But there was, as I said, also a second > reason. It is this: that the Indian victory in the recent Asia Cup hockey > tournament made one recall Jaipal’s other side. For before he became a > politician he was a brilliant hockey-player, an Oxford Blue and the captain > of the first Indian side to win an Olympic gold medal, in Amsterdam in > 1928. The Marang Gomke was not just a great leader, but also the precursor > to such outstanding adivasi hockey players as Michael Kindo, Dung Dung, and > Ignace and Dilip Bishwanath Tirkey > <https://www.facebook.com/bishwanath.tirkey> > ref : http://www.tribalzone.net/people/jaipalsingh.htm > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > -- Interested Candidates for Tribal Entrepreneusrhip Training Program submit form at :www.event.adiyuva.in (share with your friends) Learn More about AYUSH online at : http://www.adiyuva.in/2013/10/ayush.html --- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "AYUSH | adivasi yuva shakti" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. 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