Magic 1089



Here's a cool mathematical magic trick. Write down a three-digit number
whose digits are decreasing. Then reverse the digits to create a new
number, and subtract this number from the original number. With the
resulting number, add it to the reverse of itself. The number you will get
is 1089!

For example, if you start with 532 (three digits, decreasing order), then
the reverse is 235. Subtract 532-235 to get 297. Now add 297 and its
reverse 792, and you will get 1089!

Presentation Suggestions:
 You might ask your students to see if they can explain this magic trick
using a little algebra.

The Math Behind the Fact:
 If we let a, b, c denote the three digits of the original number, then the
three-digit number is 100a+10b+c. The reverse is 100c+10b+a. Subtract:
(100a+10b+c)-(100c+10b+a) to get 99(a-c). Since the digits were decreasing,
(a-c) is at least 2 and no greater than 9, so the result must be one of
198, 297, 396, 495, 594, 693, 792, or 891. When you add any one of those
numbers to the reverse of itself, you get 1089!


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