3. Give an example of a task where logical inference is inefficient? ;)
I mentioned your question to my wife and she responded: "Well, how about
mathematical theorem-proving?" ;-)
Quite apropos...
In fact we may refine the retort as: "Well, how about proving nontrivial
theorems in MATHEMATICAL LOGIC
itself??"
Indeed, the pure logic-based approach to AI has failed badly so far at
proving any but elementary
mathematical theorems.
You could of course argue that this is because it hasn't been done right...
But, my strong suspicion is that the reason is that nonlogical cognitive
operations are needed in order to
get nontrivial mathematical theorem-proving to work correctly...
-- Ben
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