Hi Sebastiano,

first, I'd like to ask what do you mean when you say that you'll "conduct interpolation along layers". If you mean that you will interpolate within a layer using only the data in that layer, then let me insist that then you MUST obtain the same results either using the standardized or the original variable. Otherwise, ordinary kriging wouldn't deserve the BLU character! In details, we probably agree in the first sentence of each of these two paragraphs:

1.- OK gives the same results if conducted with the variogram than if conducted with the equivalent correlogram, because the OK weights do not depend on the value of the sill of the variogram. This implies that you can multiply your data by a constat (e.g., the inverse of the standard deviation), and divide the results by the same constant, and nothing will change

2.- the kriging weights do not depend on the data values themselves, but on the variogram. The experimental variogram of the data set does not change if one adds or substracts a constant from the data set (e.g., its mean), because it is computed with differences of data pairs (which cancel the constant effect). Therefore, you can add a constant to your data set, perform OK on the modified data set, and subtract the constant from the kriging result, and again nothing will change.

I suspect that the only advantadge of standardizing by layers is that you can get an (apparently) better estimate of the variogram, because you will have less variance for each lag distance. And I say "apparently", because this variogram will strongly depend on your variance estimates for each layer, which we will agree that do not have their nice properties in the presence of spatial correlation.

I don't like to be a party pooper... :-( So, after trying to spoil your joy, let me ask what about applying a logarithm, if the data are positive? and we may follow the discussion prompted by Gregoire ;-)

Raimon

En/na sebastiano trevisani ha escrit:
Hi Bill
Yes, my idea is to conduct interpolations along layers (well, performing a "tricky" 3D interpolation only to speed up the process). Well, I'll already know that the shape and the range of the horizontal variograms along Z doesn't change too much. I have some doubt about anisotropy ...but I think that there are too few samples on the horizontal plane to take seriously care about that.... Then if the possible anisotropy of horizontal variogram changes with depth we are in troubles......in the sense that I should calculate manually (or with some automatic algorithms) for each layers a variogram ...... and I can no more use the "tricky" 3D interpolation idea. So, your point about anisotropy is really important.

Bye
Sebastiano
At 14.33 28/08/2006, Bill Northrop wrote:
Hullo Sebastiano,
It sounds as if the Isobel's suggestion of a limited 3D search is the best solution. The resultant models per layer should tell you if your approach has been correct, especially if you do a trial run with an anisotropic model and search first to see what spatial pattern you obtain.
Will be interested to know what you get.
Regards Bill Northrop
    -----Original Message-----
    From: sebastiano trevisani [ mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
    Sent: Monday, August 28, 2006 2:06 PM
    To: Bill Northrop
    Cc: [email protected]
    Subject: RE: AI-GEOSTATS: Re: standardized anomaly

    Hi Bill
    Thank you for your mail.
    In my case of study there are not sharp boundaries (or at least
    it seems so!) but there is a gradual and fast decrease in
    horizontal spatial variability going in depth.
    Sincerely
    Sebastiano

    At 12.48 28/08/2006, you wrote:
        Good morning Sebastiano,
        I found your problem interesting and I thought I would
        respond in this fashion. I have done quite a bit of research
        on similar layered databases on fluvial mineral deposits and
        found that if one did vertical (at right angles to the
        contacts of the layers) variograms on the raw data and
        obtained a variogram with no drift. then one could be sure
        that all these layers you have split your data have similar
        spatial characteristics. It would then not be necessary to
        examine the horizontal spatial characteristics of each
        individual layer, but rather have one standardized variogram
        for all of them. If the reverse is true ie drift in the
        vertical variogram, then one must look critically at the
        data for some phenominum on which one can subdivide. For
        instance in fluvial (river) deposits different material
        types, drastically different particle size etc according to
        what you are studying. I found generally that the lag
        distance at which the drift commenced was the width of the
        thinnest horizon in the case of two different populations,
        but it does not tell you whether it is the top or bottom
        layer. This must then be done by scrutinization of your data
        in the vetical plane. Once your data is split you can then
        do variography on each one of the two layers in the
        horizontal plane modelling the anistropy of the variance
        separately, This should only be done once you have again
        checked these two layers with vertical variograms for drift.
        If there are more than two populations present then the
        process can be repeated until all your layers have vertical
        variograms with no drift and therefore you have split your
        data correctly.
Hope this helps Regards Bill Northrop

-----Original Message----- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [
            mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
            <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Behalf Of
sebastiano trevisani Sent: Monday, August 28, 2006 9:57 AM To: Isobel Clark Cc: [email protected] Subject: Re: AI-GEOSTATS: Re: standardized anomaly

            Hi Isobel
            I would like to use this transformation to deal with a
            3D data set characterized by a peculiarity (well, this
is quite common!) in the horizontal spatial variability. In particular if I divide the dataset in horizontal
            layers I see that horizontal variograms show a similar
shape but with a re-scaled variance. So, my idea, in order to speed up the process of
            interpolation, consists to calculate the standardized
            anomaly for each layer and use the same calculated
            variogram (well, now it is a kind of standardized
            variogram calculated using all layers)) during
            interpolation with a 3D routine. Yes, in reality this is
            only a trick ...because I`m simply performing a series
            of 2D interpolations along layers. This because of, once
            the data have been transformed, it is not reasonable to
            use during interpolation samples coming from different
horizontal layers......... Sincerely Sebastiano
            At 14.06 25/08/2006, Isobel Clark wrote:
                Sebastiano
You will be fine so long as you actually have a
                "stationary" phenomenon. That is, there is a
                constant mean and standard deviation over your
                study area -- no trends, no discontinuities, no
                changes of behaviour. Such a transformation also
                assumes that your data follow a fairly symmetrical
                histogram.
Your semi-variogram will look exaclty the same as
                your 'raw' data semi-variogram but should have a
                sill around 1.
Isobel http://www.kriging.com <http://www.kriging.com/>
                Sebastiano Trevisani
                <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

Dear list member A procedural question for you....... I'm thinking to transform my data in a standardized anomaly [i.e. (raw datum- sample average)/sample standard deviation)] and then I`ll perfom the geostatistical analysis on these transformed data. At first glance, I don't see problem in the back-transformation of interpolated data and in the correct evaluation of estimation variance. Am I wrong? Sincerely Sebastiano + + To post a message to the list, send it to [email protected] + To unsubscribe, send email to majordomo@
                    jrc.it with no subject and "unsubscribe
                    ai-geostats" in the message body. DO NOT SEND
Subscribe/Unsubscribe requests to the list + As a general service to list users, please
                    remember to post a summary of any useful
responses to your questions. + Support to the forum can be found at http://www.ai-geostats.org/

+
+ To post a message to the list, send it to [email protected]
+ To unsubscribe, send email to majordomo@ jrc.it with no subject and "unsubscribe 
ai-geostats" in the message body. DO NOT SEND Subscribe/Unsubscribe requests to the 
list
+ As a general service to list users, please remember to post a summary of any 
useful responses to your questions.
+ Support to the forum can be found at http://www.ai-geostats.org/

Reply via email to