Suppose you are consulting for a bank that’s concerned about fraud
detection, and they come to you with the following problem. They have
a collection of n
bank cards that they’ve confiscated, suspecting them of being used in
fraud. Each bank
card is a small plastic object, containing a magnetic stripe with some
encrypted data, and
it corresponds to a unique account in the bank. Each account can have
many bank cards
corresponding to it, and we’ll say that two bank cards are equivalent
if they correspond to
the same account.
It’s very difficult to read the account number off a bank card
directly, but the bank has a
high-tech “equivalence tester” that takes two bank cards and, after
performing some
computations, determines whether they are equivalent.
Their question is the following: among the collection of n cards, is
there a set of more
than n/2 of them that are all equivalent to one another? Assume that
the only feasible
operations you can do with the cards are to pick two of them and plug
them in to the
equivalence tester. Show how to decide the answer to their questions
with only O(n log n)
invocations of the equivalence tester.


Also can someone point me to where i can get additional problems?

Thanks


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