hi,

the way XOR operation works i.e 0 for duplicates is used the most.
A practical application that i know is , XOR is used for Forward Error
correction
for packet loss over a network. It works on the same principle like the
duplicate problem.

Another application that i know is for Error detection of transmitted
packets (which again works on the principle of duplicates).

i hope it helps.

Snehi

On Tue, Jun 14, 2011 at 7:48 AM, Navneet Gupta <[email protected]>wrote:

> Hello,
>
> I would really appreciate if someone can help me get an intuitive
> understanding of XOR over a range of numbers.
>
> I have seen it's usage is a couple of problems where duplicates are
> involved and though ultimately i can see how it is solving the problem, i
> still feel like checking the correctness of the solution whenever i come
> across such solutions.
>
> Also would be good if someone can throw some light on what other kinds of
> problems they have seen which are difficult(time complexity wise) but using
> XOR gives an elegant and time efficient solution.
>
>
> --Navneet
>
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