New York Times (May 25, 2012)
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May 25, 2012, 3:30 am
‘Poach the Tiger Poachers’ Policy Seen as Extreme but Necessary
By NEHA THIRANI
Babu/Reuters
Police officers display a tiger’s skin, worth around $54,000 in the
international market, which they confiscated from a group of smugglers
in Chennai, Tamil Nadu in this June 26, 2004 file photo.The Maharashtra
state government’s recently launched war on tiger poachers, which
involves allowing forest guards to shoot poachers on sight raised few
eyebrows in India, as officials stressed the necessity of the extreme
measure.
Forestry officials say they plan to arm guards and protect them from
prosecution, regardless of any potential concerns from human rights
groups. “Human rights groups come in the way if there is any such
action, but there is [a] need to save the tigers,” Patangrao Kadam, the
Maharashtra forest minister, told the Indian Express.
The move was prompted by the death of five tigers in the last five
months due to poaching.
The National Tiger Conservation Authority has also directed all states
to treat each tiger or leopard death as a poaching case unless proven
otherwise beyond a reasonable doubt. “As tiger areas are targeted by
poachers and tigers are becoming victims of non-targeted killings due
to sensitive tiger-human conflicts, there is need to ensure adequate
caution while classifying tiger deaths as occurring due to “natural”
causes,” said Rajesh Gopal, member secretary of the group.
The Maharashtra forest ministry has sanctioned 70 additional armed
guards for the Tadoba tiger research program and 90 armed guards for
the Pench Tiger Reserve, both in Maharashtra, the Press Trust of India
reported. In addition, forestry offices have been provided with 100
jeeps while a reported “secret fund” of 5 million rupees, about
$90,000, has been sanctioned to pay informers for tipping forestry
officials about smugglers or poachers.
The forest minister also said an inquiry will be ordered into two tiger
deaths in the district of Chandrapur where the tigers were caught in a
steel trap. An “inquiry has been instituted to find out whether they
died because of poaching or were electrocuted,” he said.
Forestry guards actually have been empowered to shoot poachers on sight
since 2002, a separate Times of India article notes, but they have been
reluctant to use weapons, as they are concerned about being arrested. A
lack of training has been part of the problem, the article notes: only
1,000 field staffers of a total of 11,000 employees of the department
have been trained in using weapons.
The Wildlife Protection Society of India says 14 tigers have been
killed in India since January, of which eight were poached in
Maharashtra alone, the BBC reported.
J. Scott Applewhite/Associated Press
An Indian tiger looks out from a camouflaged cover of strawgrass in the
Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan in this March 23, 2000 file
photo.While a century ago there were an estimated 100,000 tigers in
India, a 2011 census counted 1,706 tigers in the wild. However, the BBC
did note that the forest minister’s solution would raise legal concerns
and opposition from rights groups, and said other officials have tried
to play down the forest minister’s remarks saying shooting poachers
would be a “last resort” solution.
Tiger poachers have yet to be shot in Maharashtra, the state’s chief
wildlife warden, S.W.H. Naqvi, told The Associated Press, but the
shooting of illegal fisherman has led to charges against forestry
guards.
“These poachers have lost all fear. They just go in and poach what they
want because they know the risks are low,” Divyabhanusinh Chavda, head
of the World Wildlife Fund in India, told The Associated Press. “A
similar measure allowing guards to fire on poachers in Assam has helped
the northeast state’s population of endangered one-horned rhinos
recover,” The AP reported.
Forestry officials “have had to do something because they have lost a
series of tigers in this area and the poachers are acting with
impunity,” Belinda Wright, head of the Wildlife Protection Society of
India told The Independent.
Perhaps the only place to highlight the potential human rights problems
this new push could pose is the media analysis Web site Gawker, which
wrote that Indian officials must have been inspired by the 1924 short
story “The Most Dangerous Game,” by Richard Connell. (In the story, a
jaguar hunter who falls off a boat washes ashore on an island owned by
a deranged man who hunts humans for sport.)
“If you hate killing animals but love killing people, Maharashtra just
might be your scene,” Gawker said
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