Ben Greear:
> The second command fails, saying / is busy.
>    lsof of / shows lots of files.  lsof of /cow shows none.

You should investigate the printed file list, and find the file which
prevents /cow turning RO.
Generally, the shutdown script kills most of all processes, and then
unmount all filelsystems (except the root). The root dir is remounted as
RO. The "remount,mod:/cow=ro" is logically equivalent to "remount,ro".


> All the rest of the command succeed, however, and it appears /cow is
> properly mounted (ro) and cleaned up.

Failing to "remount,mod:/cow=ro" means that the file on /cow is opened
as RW, and "remount,ro /cow" should also fail.
On your system, there might exists a short-lived process which accesses
/ (and /cow) as RW. You should find the process.


J. R. Okajima

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