hi Dobri,
Thank you very much for your response.
On Mon, Mar 23, 2009 at 2:50 PM, Dobri Kitipov <kdobrik.ax...@googlemail.com
> wrote:
> Hi Amila,
> I want to share some knowledge about this since these days I am doing some
> tests with HttpClient reuse.
> What I want to achieve is to reuse HttpClient among different threads which
> in turn could invoke different web services (WSs) deployed at different
> hosts.
>
> In fact I think I achieved this requirement, but there are some issues.
>
>
> On Sun, Mar 22, 2009 at 12:52 PM, Amila Suriarachchi <
> amilasuriarach...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> hi all,
>>
>> recently I came across this link and according to this[1] creating new
>> http client for every request is not good
>> in performance wise.
>>
>> Current get Http client method looks like this
>>
>> protected HttpClient getHttpClient(MessageContext msgContext) {
>> HttpClient httpClient;
>> Object reuse =
>> msgContext.getOptions().getProperty(HTTPConstants.REUSE_HTTP_CLIENT);
>> if (reuse == null) {
>> reuse =
>> msgContext.getConfigurationContext().getProperty(HTTPConstants.REUSE_HTTP_CLIENT);
>> }
>> if (reuse != null && JavaUtils.isTrueExplicitly(reuse)) {
>> httpClient = (HttpClient)
>> msgContext.getOptions().getProperty(HTTPConstants.CACHED_HTTP_CLIENT);
>> if (httpClient == null) {
>> httpClient = (HttpClient)
>> msgContext.getConfigurationContext()
>> .getProperty(HTTPConstants.CACHED_HTTP_CLIENT);
>> }
>> if (httpClient != null)
>> return httpClient;
>> MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager connectionManager =
>> new MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager();
>> httpClient = new HttpClient(connectionManager);
>> msgContext.getConfigurationContext()
>> .setProperty(HTTPConstants.CACHED_HTTP_CLIENT,
>> httpClient);
>> } else {
>> HttpConnectionManager connManager =
>> (HttpConnectionManager) msgContext.getProperty(
>>
>> HTTPConstants.MULTITHREAD_HTTP_CONNECTION_MANAGER);
>> if (connManager == null) {
>> connManager =
>> (HttpConnectionManager) msgContext.getProperty(
>>
>> HTTPConstants.MUTTITHREAD_HTTP_CONNECTION_MANAGER);
>> }
>> if(connManager != null){
>> httpClient = new HttpClient(connManager);
>> } else {
>> //Multi threaded http connection manager has set as the
>> default
>> connManager = new MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager();
>> httpClient = new HttpClient(connManager);
>> }
>> }
>>
>> // Get the timeout values set in the runtime
>> initializeTimeouts(msgContext, httpClient);
>> return httpClient;
>> }
>>
>> According to the above article creating many http client instances are not
>> efficient. But if a user switch on the
>> HTTPConstants.REUSE_HTTP_CLIENT then he can not give an
>> MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager object where users can define maximum
>> pool size, host configurations etc...
>>
>> Therefore I think it is better to have these features,
>>
>> 1. Let users to create the MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager with its own
>> even when reusing http client.
>> 2. Does Http Client thread safe? if not we need to keep the cache copy of
>> the httpClient in a thread local variable.
>>
>
> In short, whereas MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager used by the HttpClient
> is thread-safe the HttpClient is claimed to be thread-safe, too [1]. I did
> not observe any problems during my tests, too.
>
> But if different threads are invoking different WSs at different hosts
> there are some additional issues. The problem is that HttpClient has a
> HttpState.
>
> If you look at HttpState implementation you will see that its intention is
> to keep any Cookies and credentials. I have no experience of using Cookies
> with WSs, so I can not comment on this. In fact, I looked at the Axis2 code
> and it seems that whenever httpClient.executeMethod(...) is invoked with
> (HostConfiguration config, HttpMethod method) parameters and the HttpState
> is null (see AbstractHTTPSender#executeMethod). Following the source it
> seems that for every invocation a new HttpState is created. I am not sure if
> this is correct or not, but I must confess I did not dive deeply enough into
> this. Looking at [1] you can read that in this case you need to maintain a
> separate instance of HttpState per execution thread and pass it as a
> parameter to the HttpClient#executeMethod.
>
I think then it is better to keep the httpClient in a local thread variable
rather than in the axis2Configuration.
>
>
>>
>> Does any one knows how to switch on the keep alive and will it make any
>> performance improvement?
>
>
> What I know about keepAlive is that keepAlive is used by default when HTTP
> 1.1 is at hand [2]. Additionally there is a JAVA System property keepAlive
> that by default has as value "true".
> Defenetly there is a performance improvment when keepAlive is used.
>
I did some performance test with the fireAndForget method. If I use this
without making any configurations then it opens huge number of connections
since a new connection manager object is created for each invocation. This
is a serious problem if this code runs inside a service class. (i.e service
class use this method to call another web service.)
Then I set a MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager to use it for all
invocations.
i.e
client.getOptions().setProperty(HTTPConstants.MULTITHREAD_HTTP_CONNECTION_MANAGER,
httpConnectionManager);
In this case there was a performance hit.
AxisEngine.send method creates new thread to send the message. This causes
a lot of threads and that makes a performance hit to
MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.
The property MessageContext.TRANSPORT_NON_BLOCKING is set at the
OutOnlyAxisOperationClient.executeImpl method.
When I remove this setting
i.e.
if (!block) {
mc.setProperty(MessageContext.TRANSPORT_NON_BLOCKING,
Boolean.TRUE);
}
It worked fine. And I saw all the messages goes in the same tcp channel (i.e
using keep alive) and actually it is quite fast.
so shall we remove this line?
IMHO Just waiting for 202 Acepted header won't make any performance issue.
thanks,
Amila.
>
>
> [1]
> http://www.mail-archive.com/httpclient-us...@hc.apache.org/msg01944.html
> [2]
> http://www.io.com/~maus/HttpKeepAlive.html<http://www.io.com/%7Emaus/HttpKeepAlive.html>
>
> Hope this helps,
> dobri
>
>
>>
>>
>> Anyway I still believe releasing connections should be done at the user
>> level since it degradates the performance.
>>
>> thanks,
>> Amila.
>>
>>
>> [1] http://hc.apache.org/httpclient-3.x/performance.html
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Mar 10, 2009 at 2:26 AM, Andreas Veithen <
>> andreas.veit...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> I agree that we also need to consider OperationClient and the
>>> non-blocking methods. I think that the first step towards a solid
>>> solution is actually to write a couple of test cases that provide
>>> evidence for these issues and that we can later use for regression
>>> testing, but I will have to review the existing unit tests we have.
>>>
>>> Andreas
>>>
>>> On Wed, Mar 4, 2009 at 01:21, Alexis Midon <mi...@intalio.com> wrote:
>>> > Another case where "Options#setCallTransportCleanup for
>>> OperationClient" is
>>> > obvious is when you call OperationClient#execute in a non-blocking way.
>>> > The caller cannot clean up the transport safely, because the execution
>>> might
>>> > still be in progress. In that case it's OperationClient responsability
>>> to
>>> > clean up the transport.
>>> >
>>> > Alexis
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > On Mon, Mar 2, 2009 at 10:11 AM, Alexis Midon <mi...@intalio.com>
>>> wrote:
>>> >>
>>> >> There is still some inconsistencies between how
>>> ServiceClient#sendReceive
>>> >> and Operation#execute use Options#getCallTransportCleanup.
>>> >>
>>> >> And I think that would help a lot if the related jira issues get
>>> cleaned
>>> >> up a little bit.
>>> >>
>>> >> Thanks for your time and feedback.
>>> >>
>>> >> Alexis
>>> >>
>>> >>
>>> >> On Sun, Mar 1, 2009 at 9:02 PM, Amila Suriarachchi
>>> >> <amilasuriarach...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>> >>>
>>> >>> hi all,
>>> >>>
>>> >>> On Fri, Feb 27, 2009 at 6:35 PM, Andreas Veithen
>>> >>> <andreas.veit...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> I think that callTransportCleanup should never be turned on by
>>> default
>>> >>>> because it would disable deferred parsing of the response. What
>>> needs
>>> >>>> to be done urgently is to improve the documentation of the
>>> >>>> ServiceClient class to make it clear that it is mandatory to either
>>> >>>> call cleanupTransport explicitly or to set callTransportCleanup to
>>> >>>> true. Also the cleanupTransport method itself doesn't have any
>>> >>>> Javadoc.
>>> >>>
>>> >>> thanks for in-depth analysing of this issue. If the issue is not
>>> calling
>>> >>> to transport clean up then I clearly agree with what Andreas.
>>> >>>
>>> >>> Axis2 uses deffered building. There when the user gets the response
>>> >>> OMElement it has not build and Axis2 does not know when he going to
>>> finish
>>> >>> with it. So it is responsibility of the user to call the transport
>>> clean up
>>> >>> once they have done with the OMElement.
>>> >>>
>>> >>> But this problem does not occur with the generated data bind code.
>>> There
>>> >>> before returning from the stub method it generates the all the
>>> databinding
>>> >>> classes. In the generated code finally method calls
>>> >>>
>>> _messageContext.getTransportOut().getSender().cleanup(_messageContext);
>>> >>>
>>> >>> to clean up the transport.
>>> >>>
>>> >>> thanks,
>>> >>> Amila.
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Andreas
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> On Fri, Feb 27, 2009 at 12:19, Dobri Kitipov
>>> >>>> <kdobrik.ax...@googlemail.com> wrote:
>>> >>>> > Hi Andreas,
>>> >>>> > thank you for the comment. I think you get the question.
>>> >>>> > Quick test shows that setting the following line of code into the
>>> >>>> > client:
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > options.setCallTransportCleanup(true);
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > forces the closure of the http connection. It seems it is not the
>>> >>>> > default
>>> >>>> > behavior. This is a good and fast solution. I was a little bit
>>> more
>>> >>>> > focused
>>> >>>> > on wondering why I have such a difference b/n using SOAP and MIME
>>> >>>> > builder.
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > I need to think about some use cases when we need to have
>>> >>>> > options.setCallTransportCleanup(false). Can we have this by
>>> default in
>>> >>>> > some
>>> >>>> > cases?
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > Anyway, it will be worth having a further analysis of the issue we
>>> >>>> > have with
>>> >>>> > SOAPBuilder behavior.
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > Thank you,
>>> >>>> > Dobri
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> > On Fri, Feb 27, 2009 at 12:46 PM, Andreas Veithen
>>> >>>> > <andreas.veit...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>> >>>> >>
>>> >>>> >> If I understand correctly, Dobri's findings can be summarized as
>>> >>>> >> follows:
>>> >>>> >> 1. Once the InputStream is consumed, commons-httpclient
>>> automatically
>>> >>>> >> releases the connection.
>>> >>>> >> 2. SOAPBuilder never completely consumes the InputStream.
>>> >>>> >>
>>> >>>> >> The SOAPBuilder behavior is indeed somewhat questionable, but it
>>> is
>>> >>>> >> important to understand that because of the deferred parsing
>>> model
>>> >>>> >> used by Axiom, there is never a guarantee that the InputStream
>>> will
>>> >>>> >> be
>>> >>>> >> completely consumed. Normally releasing the connection is the
>>> >>>> >> responsibility of the CommonsHTTPTransportSender#cleanup method
>>> which
>>> >>>> >> should be called by ServiceClient#cleanupTransport. It would be
>>> >>>> >> interesting to know if that method is called, and if it is, why
>>> it
>>> >>>> >> fails to release the connection.
>>> >>>> >>
>>> >>>> >> Andreas
>>> >>>> >>
>>> >>>> >> On Fri, Feb 27, 2009 at 10:10, Dobri Kitipov
>>> >>>> >> <kdobrik.ax...@googlemail.com> wrote:
>>> >>>> >> > Hi all,
>>> >>>> >> > I have observed absolutely the same thing these days. I need
>>> some
>>> >>>> >> > more
>>> >>>> >> > time
>>> >>>> >> > to analyze the whole picture, but here is my current synthesis
>>> of
>>> >>>> >> > the
>>> >>>> >> > issue.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > It seems that http connection release is tightly coupled with
>>> the
>>> >>>> >> > Axis2
>>> >>>> >> > builder used to handle and process the response body and the
>>> >>>> >> > corresponding
>>> >>>> >> > input streams used. The builder and the InputStream used are
>>> based
>>> >>>> >> > on
>>> >>>> >> > the
>>> >>>> >> > HTTP headers fields like "Content-Type" and "Transfer-Encoding"
>>> >>>> >> > (e.g.
>>> >>>> >> > Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8 Transfer-Encoding:
>>> chunked).
>>> >>>> >> > So
>>> >>>> >> > if we
>>> >>>> >> > have Content-Type: text/xml; then SOAPBuilder class will be
>>> used.
>>> >>>> >> > If we
>>> >>>> >> > have type="application/xop+xml" then MIMEBuilder will be used.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > The successfull story when we have MIMIBuilder:
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > When MIMEBuilder is used then the response Buffered InputStream
>>> >>>> >> > (IS) is
>>> >>>> >> > wrrapped (I will use "->" sign as substitution for wrrapped)
>>> >>>> >> > ChunkedIS
>>> >>>> >> > ->
>>> >>>> >> > AutoCloseIS (this has a responseConsumed() method notified when
>>> >>>> >> > IS.read()
>>> >>>> >> > returns -1, which means that the response IS has been
>>> completely
>>> >>>> >> > read)
>>> >>>> >> > ->
>>> >>>> >> > PushBackIS ->BounderyPushBackIS. The BounderyPushBackIS reads
>>> the
>>> >>>> >> > response
>>> >>>> >> > stream (see readFromStream(....)) in a cycle till it reaches
>>> its
>>> >>>> >> > end. At
>>> >>>> >> > every iteration of this cycle a AutoCloseIS checkClose(l) is
>>> >>>> >> > invoked. So
>>> >>>> >> > when the end is reached (-1 is returned) then this check causes
>>> the
>>> >>>> >> > invokation of the AutoCloseIS checkClose(...) method. This
>>> method
>>> >>>> >> > invokes
>>> >>>> >> > notifyWatcher() that in turn invokes responseBodyConsumed()
>>> method
>>> >>>> >> > of
>>> >>>> >> > the
>>> >>>> >> > HttpMethodBase class. This causes the release of the http
>>> >>>> >> > connection
>>> >>>> >> > which
>>> >>>> >> > is returned back to the connection pool. So here we have no
>>> problem
>>> >>>> >> > with
>>> >>>> >> > connection reuse.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > The bad story we have with SOAPBuilder:
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > When SOAPBuilder is used then the response Buffered InputStream
>>> is
>>> >>>> >> > wrrapped
>>> >>>> >> > in a ChunkedIS -> AutoCloseIS -> PushBackIS. May be you has
>>> noticed
>>> >>>> >> > that
>>> >>>> >> > BounderyPushBackIS is not used. As a result the respose IS is
>>> not
>>> >>>> >> > completely
>>> >>>> >> > read (in fact this is not really correct, it could be read but
>>> the
>>> >>>> >> > invokation of the PushBackIS unread(...) method causes the
>>> >>>> >> > AutoCloseIS
>>> >>>> >> > checkClose() method never to return -1). As a result the http
>>> >>>> >> > connection
>>> >>>> >> > is
>>> >>>> >> > not released. And since there is a limit to have 2 connection
>>> per
>>> >>>> >> > host
>>> >>>> >> > then after the second invokation of the WS client the thread
>>> hangs
>>> >>>> >> > waiting
>>> >>>> >> > for a free connection.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > Please, provide us with your comments on this issue.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > Thank you in advance.
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > Regards,
>>> >>>> >> > Dobri
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> > On Fri, Feb 27, 2009 at 3:54 AM, Alexis Midon <
>>> mi...@intalio.com>
>>> >>>> >> > wrote:
>>> >>>> >> >>
>>> >>>> >> >> no taker for an easy patch?
>>> >>>> >> >>
>>> >>>> >> >> Alexis
>>> >>>> >> >>
>>> >>>> >> >>
>>> >>>> >> >> On Wed, Feb 25, 2009 at 6:45 PM, Alexis Midon <
>>> mi...@intalio.com>
>>> >>>> >> >> wrote:
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> Hi everyone,
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> All the issues relatives to AXIS2-935 are really messy, some
>>> of
>>> >>>> >> >>> them
>>> >>>> >> >>> are
>>> >>>> >> >>> closed but their clones are not. Some are flagged as fixed
>>> but
>>> >>>> >> >>> are
>>> >>>> >> >>> obviously
>>> >>>> >> >>> not. All these issues are really old, so I'd like to take a
>>> >>>> >> >>> chance to
>>> >>>> >> >>> bring
>>> >>>> >> >>> them back to your attention, especially before releasing 1.5.
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> I'll post a description of the issue in this email as a
>>> summary
>>> >>>> >> >>> all
>>> >>>> >> >>> the
>>> >>>> >> >>> jiras.
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> By default, ServiceClient uses one HttpConnectionManager per
>>> >>>> >> >>> invocation
>>> >>>> >> >>> [2]. This connection manager will create and provide one
>>> >>>> >> >>> connection to
>>> >>>> >> >>> HTTPSender. The first issue is that by default this
>>> connection is
>>> >>>> >> >>> never
>>> >>>> >> >>> released to the pool [3]. if you do zillions of invocations,
>>> this
>>> >>>> >> >>> leak
>>> >>>> >> >>> will
>>> >>>> >> >>> max out your number of file descriptors.
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> Your investigations in Axis2 options quickly lead you to the
>>> >>>> >> >>> REUSE_HTTP_CLIENT option. But this first issue has some
>>> >>>> >> >>> unfortunate
>>> >>>> >> >>> consequences if you activate it. Actually if you do so, a
>>> single
>>> >>>> >> >>> connection
>>> >>>> >> >>> manager is shared across all invocations. But because
>>> connections
>>> >>>> >> >>> are
>>> >>>> >> >>> not
>>> >>>> >> >>> release, the pool is starved after two invocations, and the
>>> third
>>> >>>> >> >>> invocation
>>> >>>> >> >>> hangs out indefinitely. :(
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> If you keep digging you will find the AUTO_RELEASE_CONNECTION
>>> >>>> >> >>> option.
>>> >>>> >> >>> Its
>>> >>>> >> >>> sounds like a good lead! Let's try it. If you activate this
>>> >>>> >> >>> option the
>>> >>>> >> >>> connection is properly released -Yahoooo! the leak is fixed -
>>> but
>>> >>>> >> >>> unfortunately a new issue shows up (issue #2, aka
>>> AXIS2-3478).
>>> >>>> >> >>> AbstractHTTPSender passes the stream of the connection to the
>>> >>>> >> >>> message
>>> >>>> >> >>> context [4] , but that the connection is now properly
>>> released,
>>> >>>> >> >>> so
>>> >>>> >> >>> this
>>> >>>> >> >>> stream is closed before the SOAPBuilder gets a chance to read
>>> the
>>> >>>> >> >>> response
>>> >>>> >> >>> body.
>>> >>>> >> >>> Boom! "IOException: Attempted read on closed stream"
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> These issues are easily reproducible in versions 1.3, 1.4,
>>> 1.5.
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> I submitted and documented a fix in AXIS2-2931 [5], if you
>>> had a
>>> >>>> >> >>> chance
>>> >>>> >> >>> to look at it that would be much appreciate.
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> Alexis
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>> [1]
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AXIS2-935?focusedCommentId=12513543#action_12513543
>>> >>>> >> >>> [2] see method getHttpClient in
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/transport/modules/http/src/org/apache/axis2/transport/http/AbstractHTTPSender.java
>>> >>>> >> >>> [3] see method cleanup in
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/transport/modules/http/src/org/apache/axis2/transport/http/HTTPSender.java
>>> >>>> >> >>> [4] see method processResponse in AbstractHTTPSender.java
>>> >>>> >> >>> [5]
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> >>>> >> >>>
>>> https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AXIS2-2931?focusedCommentId=12676837#action_12676837
>>> >>>> >> >>
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >> >
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>> >
>>> >>>
>>> >>>
>>> >>>
>>> >>> --
>>> >>> Amila Suriarachchi
>>> >>> WSO2 Inc.
>>> >>> blog: http://amilachinthaka.blogspot.com/
>>> >>
>>> >
>>> >
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Amila Suriarachchi
>> WSO2 Inc.
>> blog: http://amilachinthaka.blogspot.com/
>>
>
>
--
Amila Suriarachchi
WSO2 Inc.
blog: http://amilachinthaka.blogspot.com/
