Here is a great book on the subject of plantation conditions *Pau Hana: Plantation Life and Labor in Hawaii, 1835-1920*
By *Ronald T. Takak* You can find it easily on Amazon. Eric On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 10:30 PM, Pam Santos <pamsanto...@gmail.com> wrote: > Thanks Melody!! > > > On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 7:18 PM, Dano <dpai...@gmail.com> wrote: > >> Thanks for reposting the original document, Eric. I had saved it to my >> last computer, but, lost it when it crashed. Apart from the history it >> covers, its got great stories from the immigrant perspective. >> >> >> On Tuesday, July 15, 2014 8:24:40 PM UTC-4, luiznoia wrote: >> >>> Eliseu, >>> >>> Here is the original document attached. >>> >>> >>> Eric >>> >>> >>> On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 3:27 PM, Tanya Smith <tanya8...@gmail.com> >>> wrote: >>> >>>> I have a copy of my 2nd great grandfathers Honolulu plantation work >>>> contract from 1883 - he ended up on the island of Kauai, I don't know how >>>> if this was by choice or designation. - 9 USD per month for 1 year - Not >>>> sure the equivalent to the current Azores currency at that time. Anyone? >>>> >>>> Tanya >>>> >>>> >>>> On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 8:54 AM, luiznoia . <nobla...@gmail.com> wrote: >>>> >>>>> The following is from an Azores Government publication concerning the >>>>> Hawaiian migration. >>>>> >>>>> "The Portuguese migration to Hawaii was fueled by poor economic >>>>> conditions in the mother country, and >>>>> particularly in Madeira. The production and export of fine wines had >>>>> been for many years the mainstay of the >>>>> Madeiran economy. During the 1850's, however, the vineyards were laid >>>>> waste by a blight that crippled the wine >>>>> industry for decades. Unemployment and hunger followed the destruction >>>>> of the vineyards. As conditions worsened, >>>>> Madeirans looked for a better way of life in Brazil, the United States >>>>> and Hawaii. >>>>> >>>>> During this same period, the Kingdom of Hawaii was in need of laborers >>>>> for her sugar plantations. The large scale >>>>> cultivation of sugar depended upon a continuous supply of inexpensive >>>>> labor. The demand for plantation >>>>> workers increased after Hawaii concluded a Reciprocity Treaty with the >>>>> United States in 1876, which facilitated the >>>>> exportation of Hawaiian sugar. The dramatic decline of the Hawaiian >>>>> population had caused planters and government >>>>> officials to look abroad for suitable immigrants to work the land and >>>>> increase the population of the Kingdom. Several >>>>> thousand Chinese emigrated to Hawaii during the 1860's and 1870's. Yet >>>>> the Chinese seldom brought their families, >>>>> and distinct cultural differences between the Chinese and other >>>>> residents of Hawaii caused many of the latter to >>>>> demand an end to the large scale importation of workers from China. >>>>> >>>>> In 1876, *Mr. Jacintho Pereira,* a Portuguese citizen and proprietor >>>>> of a successful dry goods store in Honolulu, >>>>> came forward with an interesting idea. Pereira suggested that the >>>>> Hawaiian government investigate the possibility of >>>>> solving Hawaii's labor and population problems by encouraging the >>>>> immigration of Portuguese from Madeira. The >>>>> government contacted *Dr. William Hillebrand* who was living at that >>>>> time in Funchal. Hillbrand acted as Hawaii's >>>>> agent, and carried out all of the details required to place the first >>>>> contingent of Portuguese immigrants aboard the >>>>> Priscilla." >>>>> >>>>> *1853* Census shows 87 Portuguese in Hawaii. >>>>> >>>>> *1876* Jacinto Perreira, a Portuguese merchant residing in Hawaii >>>>> recommends to the Kingdom the immigration of >>>>> Portuguese to Hawaii to help solve the labor problems. >>>>> >>>>> *1877* The St. Antonio Society, a Portuguese benevolent association, >>>>> is established in Honolulu. >>>>> >>>>> *1878* Census shows more than 400 Portuguese in Hawaii. >>>>> >>>>> *1878* The ship Priscilla arrives in Honolulu harbor on September 30. >>>>> 1878 with the first major contingent of Portuguese >>>>> immigrants to Hawaii (about 120 men, women and children). >>>>> >>>>> *1879* The ship Ravenscrag arrives in Honolulu harbor on August 23, >>>>> 1879 with the second large group of Portuguese >>>>> settlers in Hawaii (419 men, women and children). These >>>>> settlers brought with them the Portuguese braguinha, >>>>> the instrument that became the 'ukulele. >>>>> >>>>> *1882* The Government of Hawaii signs an immigration treaty with >>>>> Portugal. >>>>> >>>>> *1893* Portuguese support the establishment of the Hawaiian Republic. >>>>> >>>>> *1900* Portuguese population numbers 18,272, approximately 12% of the >>>>> total population of the Hawaiian Islands. >>>>> >>>>> *1900* to Period of Portuguese migration from the plantations to >>>>> Honolulu and other towns. >>>>> >>>>> *1913* The Ascot arrives in Honolulu harbor with 1,283 Portuguese >>>>> immigrants aboard. This ship is usually considered >>>>> the last of the 29 immigrant ships. >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> * Ships bearing Portuguese >>>>> Settlers to Hawaii, 1878-1913* >>>>> >>>>> 1. September 30, 1878 Ship Priscilla (German bark) arrived 116 days >>>>> out from Funchal, Madeira, with 80 men, 40 women, 60 children. >>>>> Total 180. (Portuguese consular documents indicate approximately 120 >>>>> passengers). >>>>> >>>>> 2. August 23, 1879 Ship Ravenscrag (British) arrived 123 days out from >>>>> Madeira with 133 men, 110 women, 176 children. Total 419. >>>>> 3. January 24, 1880 >>>>> >>>>> Ship High Flyer (British bark) arrived 99 days out from *St. Michael, >>>>> Azores,* with 109 men, 81 women, 147 children. >>>>> Total 337. >>>>> >>>>> 4. May 2, 1881 Ship High Flyer (British bark) arrived 130 days out >>>>> from *St. Michael, Azores*, with 173 men, 66 women, 113 children. >>>>> Total 352. >>>>> >>>>> 5. August 25, 1881 Ship Suffolk (British bark) arrived 102 days out >>>>> from *St. Michael, Azores*, with 206 men, 100 women, 182 children. >>>>> Total 488. >>>>> >>>>> 6. March 27, 1882 Ship Earl Delhausie (British bark) arrived 113 days >>>>> out from *St. Michael, Azores*, with 94 men, 82 women, 146 >>>>> children. Total 322. >>>>> >>>>> 7. June 8, 1882 Steamship Monarch (British) arrived 57 days out from *St. >>>>> Michael, Azores*, with 202 men, 197 women, 458 children. >>>>> Total 857. >>>>> >>>>> 8. September 15, 1882 Steamship Hansa (British) arrived 70 days out >>>>> from *Azores*, with 307 men, 286 women, 584 children. Total 1177. >>>>> >>>>> 9. May 4, 1883 Steamship Abergeldie (British) arrived 62 days out from* >>>>> Azores*, with 264 men, 190 women, 484 children. Total >>>>> 938. >>>>> >>>>> 10. July 9, 1883 Steamship Hankow (British) arrived 66 days out from *St. >>>>> Michael, Azores*, & Madeira with 427 men, 317 women, >>>>> 718 children. Total 1462. >>>>> >>>>> 11. November 1, 1883 Steamship Bell Rock (British) arrived 99 days out >>>>> from *Azores*, with 109 men, 81 women,147 children. Total 337. >>>>> >>>>> 12. June 13, 1884 Steamship City of Paris (British) arrived 74 days >>>>> out from Madeira & *St. Michael, Azores*, with 295 men, 199 >>>>> women, 330 children. Total 824. >>>>> >>>>> 13. October 3, 1884 Steamship Bordeaux (French) arrived 72 days out >>>>> from Madeira, with 273 men, 173 women, 262 children. Total >>>>> 708. >>>>> >>>>> 14. January 19, 1885 Ship Daca (British) arrived 114 days out from >>>>> Madeira, with 63 men, 50 women, 165 children. Total 278. >>>>> >>>>> 15. March 4, 1886 Ship Stirlingshire (British) arrived 112 days out >>>>> from Madeira, with 157 men, 107 women, 203 children. Total 467. >>>>> >>>>> 16. September 23, 1886 Ship Amana (British) arrived 142 days out from >>>>> Madeira, with 146 men, 116 women, 239 children. Total 501. >>>>> >>>>> 17. April 13, 1888 Bark Thomas Bell (British) arrived 156 days out >>>>> from Madeira, with 117 men, 62 women, 163 children. Total 342. >>>>> >>>>> 18. April 4, 1895 Steamship Braunfels (German) arrived 68 days out >>>>> from *Ponta Delgada, Azores*, with 274 men, 124 women, 259 >>>>> children. Total 657. >>>>> >>>>> 19. September 13, 1899 Steamship Victoria (British) arrived 67 days >>>>> out from Madeira, with 215 men, 56 women, 72 children. Total 343. >>>>> >>>>> 20. December 24, 1900 Steamship Warrimo from Vancouver with 60 men, 14 >>>>> women, 18 children. Total 92. >>>>> >>>>> 21. December 1, 1906 Steamship Suveric from Montevideo, with 459 men, >>>>> 283 women, 582 children. Total 1324. >>>>> >>>>> 22. April 26, 1907 Steamship Heliopolis (Spanish) from *Fayal, Azores* >>>>> & Malaga, with 608 men, 554 women, 1084 children. Total >>>>> 2246. >>>>> >>>>> 23. June 27, 1907 Steamship Kumeric from Funchal, Madeira, with 333 >>>>> men, 306 women, 457 children. Total 1114. >>>>> >>>>> 24. December 12, 1909 Steamship Swanley from Madeira and *Azores,* >>>>> with 337 men, 221 women, 310 children. Total 868. >>>>> >>>>> 25. April 13, 1911 Steamship Osteric from Madeira and continent, with >>>>> 547 men, 373 women, 531 children. Total 1451. >>>>> >>>>> 26. December 3, 1911 Steamship Willesden from *Azores* and continent, >>>>> with 639 men, 400 women, 758 children. Total 1797 >>>>> . >>>>> 27. April 16, 1912 Steamship Harpalien from* Azores* and continent, >>>>> with 496 men, 328 women, 626 children. Total 1450. >>>>> >>>>> 28. March 30, 1913 Steamship Willesden from *Azores Islands* and >>>>> continent, with 491 men, 377 women, 440 children. Total 1308. >>>>> >>>>> 29. June 4, 1913 Steamship Ascot from* Islands* and continent, with >>>>> 424 men, 327 women, 532 children. Total 1283. >>>>> >>>>> JOHN HENRY FELIX, PH. D. & PETER F. SENECAL, PH.D. >>>>> Excerpt from "The Portuguese in Hawaii" >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> What is not mentioned in the above is that the passage for workers and >>>>> their families was free in exchange for a contract to stay employed in the >>>>> plantations for a set period of time. >>>>> >>>>> Five years is most commonly mentioned, but it seemed to change after >>>>> 1900. >>>>> >>>>> After 1900 , discontent with the plantation system and it's >>>>> increasingly harsh conditions prompted many Portuguese to fufill there >>>>> minimum work contract and emigrate to California >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> Eric Edgar >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 8:59 AM, Cheri Mello <gfsc...@gmail.com> >>>>> wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> Pam, >>>>>> >>>>>> Mel is the expert on Hawaii. The sugar or pineapple, etc, owners >>>>>> wanted to bring in whole families to the Hawaiian islands who were used >>>>>> to >>>>>> living on islands. They recruited heavily from Madeira and Sao Miguel. >>>>>> I >>>>>> don't know what perks were given to them to get them to Hawaii. But that >>>>>> was the draw to Hawaii. >>>>>> >>>>>> As to Massachusetts, Rhode Island, or anywhere in New England: I >>>>>> think people went there because a Portuguese community was established. >>>>>> They could find work in the factories and the mills. And many had family >>>>>> or someone knew of someone who knew your family. >>>>>> >>>>>> Brazil: Maybe the reason Isabel gave. And there are probably more >>>>>> reasons as well. And more reasons to go to New England or Hawaii. >>>>>> >>>>>> There is a time period where they do ask on the passaportes why they >>>>>> are leaving the Azores. "For a better life," "To make a fortune," were >>>>>> some of the reasons that I saw. >>>>>> >>>>>> Cheri Mello >>>>>> Listowner, Azores-Gen >>>>>> Researching: Vila Franca, Ponta Garca, Ribeira Quente, Ribeira das >>>>>> Tainhas, Achada >>>>>> >>>>>> -- >>>>>> For options, such as changing to List, Digest, Abridged, or No Mail >>>>>> (vacation) mode, log into your Google account and visit this group at >>>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/Azores. Click in the blue area on the >>>>>> right that says "Join this group" and it will take you to "Edit my >>>>>> membership." >>>>>> --- >>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>> Groups "Azores Genealogy" group. >>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, >>>>>> send an email to azores+un...@googlegroups.com. >>>>>> >>>>>> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/azores. >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> For options, such as changing to List, Digest, Abridged, or No Mail >>>>> (vacation) mode, log into your Google account and visit this group at >>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/Azores. Click in the blue area on the >>>>> right that says "Join this group" and it will take you to "Edit my >>>>> membership." >>>>> --- >>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>> Groups "Azores Genealogy" group. >>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send >>>>> an email to azores+un...@googlegroups.com. >>>>> >>>>> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/azores. >>>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> Tanya K. Smith >>>> >>>> tanya8...@gmail.com >>>> >>>> >>>> 808.232.1366 >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> P Please consider the environment before printing this e-mail. >>>> >>>> NOTICE: This email message is for the sole use of the intended >>>> recipient(s) and may contain confidential and privileged information. Any >>>> unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you >>>> are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by reply email >>>> and destroy all copies of the original message. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> For options, such as changing to List, Digest, Abridged, or No Mail >>>> (vacation) mode, log into your Google account and visit this group at >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/Azores. Click in the blue area on the >>>> right that says "Join this group" and it will take you to "Edit my >>>> membership." >>>> --- >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>> Groups "Azores Genealogy" group. >>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send >>>> an email to azores+un...@googlegroups.com. >>>> >>>> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/azores. >>>> >>> >>> -- >> For options, such as changing to List, Digest, Abridged, or No Mail >> (vacation) mode, log into your Google account and visit this group at >> http://groups.google.com/group/Azores. Click in the blue area on the >> right that says "Join this group" and it will take you to "Edit my >> membership." >> --- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "Azores Genealogy" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to azores+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com. >> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/azores. >> > > -- > For options, such as changing to List, Digest, Abridged, or No Mail > (vacation) mode, log into your Google account and visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/Azores. 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