Yes, puzzling and confusing.

My grandfather was born from the pregnancy following that of stillborn 
twins. Yep, he was given the name of one of the twins. In tracking down 
names on one line from Praia do Almoxarife, I repeatedly saw siblings with 
the same first name (the boys, of course most of the girls were "Maria") 
but with some variations in middle names and even in "last names" used in 
adulthood. While I understand that Catholic Church was rather adamant about 
baptizing a child only with a saint's name, there were so many more saints 
than names used in the Azores!

What adds further confusion is when father and son have the same given 
name. The son may use his mother's family name to distinguish himself from 
his father--or some other name entirely. That may be the only name he goes 
by, which makes for confusion when tracing the names. Again, when tracking 
down names from this one line in Praia, I noticed one son's last name was 
not the same as his father's OR his mother's. Go figure. What I have 
learned is that names often were tied to land ownership. For example, a 
woman who owns land might use that family name all her life and never take 
her husband's name. Her children may have her family name somewhere in the 
string as a way of linking with the land ownership.

Of course, everyone in the village knew who was who, so it didn't matter. 
Obviously, no one was thinking of those of us many, many years later trying 
to fill out the names and dates on a family tree!

Though my grandfather's family name was Leal, all males in his paternal 
line had Silveira as a middle name (I have names back only three 
generations before my grandfather, into the early 1700s). Given the family 
was from Flamengos and three children of the town's founder Guillerme da 
Silveira (né Willem van der Haagen) remained and died in Flamengos leaving 
children, it's quite possible the use of Silveira in the Leal family line 
indicated some connection with one of these three children--which would 
mean I'm directly descended from van der Haagen himself. However, the use 
of Silveira could well have been an affectation or aspiration at one point. 
It may also have been an indication of illegitimacy. (Van der Haagen 
himself was illegitimate.)

Tomás Leal

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