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Condoms
A birth-control basic for decades, condoms have taken on a new role
with the
increased awareness and incidence of sexually transmitted diseases,
such as
chlamydia and HIV. Two types of condoms are now on the market: the
basic
condom used by men and the female condom, a polyurethane sheath
inserted by
women before sex.
How they work
Condoms, like other barrier methods, protect against pregnancy and
infection by physically blocking sperm
from reaching an egg. Some brands are coated with spermicide, a
chemical agent that kills sperm. Male
condoms cover the erect penis. Female condoms cover the opening to
the cervix and line the vaginal wall.
Reliability
Depending on what they're made of, male condoms are 86 to 97
percent effective for preventing pregnancy
if you use them correctly--that means using them every time you
have intercourse. Latex condoms offer
more protection than those made of lambskin or other animal tissue.
Using a spermicide (which comes in
foam, cream or jelly form) with condoms boosts their effectiveness.
Female condoms are not as reliable,
with a success rate that ranges from 79 to 95 percent.
Pluses
Many couples rely on this method after having a baby because
condoms don't interfere with lactation or a
woman's hormones, and don't require a physical exam or fitting.
Most supermarkets and drugstores sell
condoms, and they are fairly inexpensive. Some family planning
centers even give them away free. Besides
preventing pregnancy, condoms also prevent the transmission of
infections and venereal disease.
(Condoms made of lambskin, however, do not provide protection
against HIV, herpes, and hepatitis B.)
Some couples enjoy putting a condom on (or inserting, in the case
of the female condom) during foreplay.
Minuses
Some women and their partners find that condoms irritate their
skin, and they can cause burning urination.
If you're allergic to latex, you may want to try condoms made of
animal membranes--bear in mind, though,
that these condoms have a higher failure rate. If you're allergic
to a spermicide, try different kinds and
brands. If everything you try causes a yeast infection or other
irritation, switch to lubricated condoms
without spermicide or to polyurethane condoms.
Some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure.
And some men complain that
condoms interfere with their ability to maintain an erection.
Reversibility
Condoms don't affect your fertility at all, so once you stop using
them, you can try to conceive.
Hassle Meter
Each condom can only be used once and must be used correctly for
maximum effectiveness: Your partner
must put one on before he enters you, which can make spontaneous
lovemaking difficult. Depending on the
brand, condoms have been known to break or rip during sex, hardly a
contraceptive benefit. Also, never use
petroleum jelly or any oil-based lotions as a lubricant on latex
condoms--they will weaken the material,
possibly causing it to rip or tear during intercourse.
Water-soluble lubricants or spermicides are safe to
use.
Riefna Azwita Fahmi
Test System Unit RisTI - Telkom
Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir 47 Bandung-Indonesia
E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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