Mbak Endra,
Campak jerman itu nama lainnya Rubella, tadi pagi ada
artikel tentang TORCH yang juga membahas campak
jerman. Sebagai sumber lain, tolong ya disampaikan ke
mbak Hanny artikel berikut.
Mamanya Dafi
Rubella
Causes and Risks:
The disease is caused by a virus that is spread
through the air or by close contact. It can also be
transmitted to a fetus by a mother with an active
infection. The disease is usually mild and may even go
unnoticed. Children may have few symptoms, but adults
may experience a prodrome (warning symptom) of a fever
, headache , malaise , runny nose , and inflamed eyes
that lasts from 1 to 5 days before the rash appears. A
person can transmit the disease from 1 week before the
onset of the rash until 1 week after the rash
disappears. The disease is not as contagious as
rubeola ( measles ), therefore many people are not
infected during childhood. Lifelong immunity to the
disease follows infection. Epidemics may occur at
about 6- to 9-year intervals. The risk factors are the
unimmunized individuals. Only 1,400 cases were
reported in the U.S. in 1991.
The disease is potentially serious because of the
ability to produce defects in a developing fetus if
the mother is infected during early pregnancy . As
many as 10 to 15% of women in their childbearing years
are susceptible to infection. Congenital rubella
syndrome occurs in 25% or more of infants born to
women who acquired rubella during the first trimester
of pregnancy . Defects are rare if the infection
occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. One or more
defects may occur in an infected fetus and include
deafness , cataracts , microcephaly, mental
retardation , congenital heart defects, and other
defects. A miscarriage or stillbirth may occur.
Prevention:
Live rubella virus vaccine is routinely recommended
for all children. It is routinely given at 15 months
of age, but is sometimes given earlier during
epidemics. A second vaccination is required in some
locations between the ages of 4 to 6 or 11 to 12. MMR
immunization (vaccine) is a combination vaccine that
protects against measles , mumps , and rubella.
Women of child-bearing age may be screened by rubella
serology . If immunity is not present, immunization
can be given if conception can be prevented for 3
months after the vaccination. Vaccination should not
be given at any time during pregnancy or to a person
with an immune system altered by cancer ,
corticosteroid therapy, or radiation treatment..
Symptoms:
low-grade fever (102 F or lower)
headache
general discomfort or uneasiness ( malaise )
runny nose
inflammation of the eyes ( bloodshot eyes )
rash with skin redness or inflammation
cloudy cornea
Note: There may be no symptoms
Signs and Tests:
a rubella serology
a nasal or throat swab for viral culture
This disease may also alter the results of the
following tests:
electronystagmography
caloric stimulation
Treatment:
There is no treatment for this disease. Acetaminophen
can be given to reduce fever . The treatment of
congenital rubella syndrome is for the defects that
may be present.
Prognosis:
Rubella is usually a mild, self-limiting infection
with an excellent prognosis (probable outcome). Up to
25% of infants born to mothers infected during early
pregnancy will develop congenital rubella syndrome
associated with a poor prognosis (probable outcome).
Complications:
congenital rubella syndrome
encephalitis (rare)
otitis media (rare)
transient arthritis
Call Your Healthcare Provider:
Call for an appointment with your health care provider
if you are a woman of childbearing age and are unsure
of your immunity to rubella.
Call your health care provider if severe headache ,
stiff neck , earache , or visual disturbances develop
during or after a case of rubella.
Call for an appointment with your health care provider
if you or your child(ren) need to receive MMR
immunization (vaccine) .
--- Endra Wimajanti <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Rekan, saya dititipi mbak Hanny pertanyaan ttg
> campak jerman. Ada yg tahu lebih lanjut apa itu
> campak jerman?
>
> endra
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