HARDWARE ADDITION Belkin Wireless G Plus
Part Number F5D7011 ver. 2000 0d:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4318 [AirForce One 54g] 802.11g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 02)HOW-TO install the Broadcom bcm43xx Driver in Debian Linux and enable WPA Encryption
This HOW-TO was made using:
Debian etch with kernel 2.6.18-4-686
Linksys WRT54GL - Wireless Access Poijnt
Belkin Wireless G Plus - Part Number F5D7011 ver. 2000
inspiron:~# lspci
0d:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4318 [AirForce One 54g] 802.11g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 02)
You may want to ensure you have the wireless tools and wpa security tools installed before you begin. These should already be installed by default.
aptitude install wireless-tools wpasupplicant network-manager network-manager-gnomeGo to http://bcm43xx.berlios.de/ and download the bcm43xx-fwcutter tool bcm43xx-fwcutter-006.tar.bz2
Extract the Source
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/bcmwireless$ tar -xjvf bcm43xx-fwcutter-006.tar.bz2
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/bcm43xx-fwcutter.1
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/Makefile
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/md5.c
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/md5.h
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/README
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/fwcutter_list.h
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/fwcutter.c
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/fwcutter.h
bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/COPYING
In order to have everything in one place I copied the Driver folder from the CD that came with my wireless card to the Laptop. so my directory structure now looks like this
bcmwireless/
|-- Driver
|-- bcm43xx-fwcutter-006
Change into the directory the source was extracted to
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/bcmwireless$ cd bcm43xx-fwcutter-006/
Compile the bcm43xx-fwcutter tool
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/bcmwireless/bcm43xx-fwcutter-006$ make
cc -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -std=c99 -Wall -pedantic -D_BSD_SOURCE -DFWCUTTER_VERSION_=006 -c -o fwcutter.o fwcutter.c
cc -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -std=c99 -Wall -pedantic -D_BSD_SOURCE -DFWCUTTER_VERSION_=006 -c -o md5.o md5.c
cc -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -std=c99 -Wall -pedantic -D_BSD_SOURCE -DFWCUTTER_VERSION_=006 -o bcm43xx-fwcutter fwcutter.o md5.o
At this point you may issue the list command for the bcm43xx-fwcutter tool ( bcm43xx-fwcutter -l ) to see what file in the driver I was looking for. According to the list command and the files I have in the Driver directory the file I want is called bcmwl5.sys You should now use the Firmware Cutter tool to extract the wireless card firmware from the windows driver
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/bcmwireless/bcm43xx-fwcutter-006$ ./bcm43xx-fwcutter /home/default/bcmwireless/Driver/bcmwl5.sys
filename : bcmwl5.sys
version : 3.100.64.0
MD5 : e7debb46b9ef1f28932e533be4a3d1a9
microcodes : 2 4 5
pcms : 4 5
microcode : 2
revision : 0x0123
patchlevel : 0x0021
date : 2005-01-22
time : 19:48:06
microcode : 4
revision : 0x0123
patchlevel : 0x0021
date : 2005-01-22
time : 19:48:06
microcode : 5
revision : 0x0123
patchlevel : 0x0021
date : 2005-01-22
time : 19:48:06
extracting bcm43xx_microcode2.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_microcode4.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_microcode5.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_pcm4.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_pcm5.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval01.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval02.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval03.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval04.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval05.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval06.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval07.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval08.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval09.fw ...
extracting bcm43xx_initval10.fw ...
You will need to be root in order to install the firmware into the directory it belong in
inspiron:~# cd /home/default/bcmwireless/bcm43xx-fwcutter-006
inspiron:/home/default/bcmwireless/bcm43xx-fwcutter-006# make installfw
if ! [ -d /lib/firmware ]; then mkdir -p /lib/firmware; fi
install -o 0 -g 0 -m 600 bcm43xx_*.fw /lib/firmware
The firmware should now be located in /lib/firmware
inspiron:/home/default/bcmwireless/bcm43xx-fwcutter-006# ls /lib/firmware/
bcm43xx_initval01.fw
bcm43xx_initval04.fw
bcm43xx_initval07.fw
bcm43xx_initval10.fw
bcm43xx_microcode5.fw
bcm43xx_initval02.fw
bcm43xx_initval05.fw
bcm43xx_initval08.fw
bcm43xx_microcode2.fw
bcm43xx_pcm4.fw
bcm43xx_initval03.fw
bcm43xx_initval06.fw
bcm43xx_initval09.fw
bcm43xx_microcode4.fw
bcm43xx_pcm5.fw
At this point you need to ensure the Wireless card is listed in your /etc/network/interfaces file
inspiron:/# vim /etc/network/interfaceseth1 is my Wired network interface eth2 is the Wireless network interface
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp
# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth2
iface eth2 inet dhcp
Check to ensure the Module for your wireless card is loaded
lsmod | grep bcm43xx
bcm43xx 405920 0
ieee80211softmac 26304 1 bcm43xx
ieee80211 29416 2 bcm43xx,ieee80211softmac
firmware_class 9600 2 bcm43xx,pcmcia
if the module isn't loaded load it now
modprobe bcm43xx
At this point you can check if the network card can see your Wireless access point.
your access point should be configured without security at this point for testing.
inspiron:/# iwlist eth2 scan
eth2 Scan completed :
Cell 01 - Address: 00:16:B6:1C:78:D4
ESSID:"linksys"
Protocol:IEEE 802.11bg
Mode:Master
Channel:6
Encryption key:off
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s 11 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Quality=100/100 Signal level=-174 dBm
Extra: Last beacon: 68ms ago
If the Wireless card can see your access point you are in good shape at this point Bring up the interface to see if you can connect and get an IP address.
inspiron:/# ifup eth2
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.4
Listening on LPF/eth2/00:11:50:f4:90:e2
Sending on LPF/eth2/00:11:50:f4:90:e2
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eth2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 5
DHCPOFFER from 192.168.1.1
DHCPREQUEST on eth2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 192.168.1.1
bound to 192.168.1.101 -- renewal in 83055 seconds.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/$ /sbin/ifconfig eth2From the response it shows the card came up and was able to get an IP address from the Wireless Access Point successfully
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:50:F4:90:E2
inet addr:192.168.1.101 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::211:50ff:fef4:90e2/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:4 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:155 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2994 (2.9 KiB) TX bytes:9572 (9.3 KiB)
Interrupt:10
WPA ENCRYPTION CONFIGURATION
Configure your Access Point so that it uses encryption: WPA with Pre-Shared Key authentication (also called WPA-Personal) and AES encryption.
Make note of your SSID in the Basic Wireless Settings. For the Wireless Security, I made up a secret key (64 characters 1-9, a-f), but you should use 32 bytes of secret that are really random.
One method to generate the secret on Linux is: dd if=/dev/random bs=32 count=1 2>/dev/null | od -An -tx1 then remove all spaces and newlines...
Make sure "Wireless SSID Broadcast" is set to "Enable", because that will be required later.
Disabling the SSID broadcast or filtering on MAC addresses only provide weak privacy protection, and you are setting up a stronger form of encryption with WPA.
Configuration of WPA
wpa_supplicant is installed by default, if not, install the package "wpasupplicant".
Create the file /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf and insert the following:
network={
ssid="myssid"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP
group=CCMP
psk=1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
}
Make this file readable only for root
chmod go-rwx /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
Edit /etc/network/interfaces and add the lines for the wireless and WPA encryption
auto ethX iface
ethX inet dhcp
wireless-essid
wpa-driver wext
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
Test the WPA configuration by restarting the wireless interface
ifdown ethX
ifup ethX
Verify the connection is up and encryption is enabled
inspiron:~# iwlist eth2 scanThe SSID Mathches the configuration
eth2 Scan completed :
Cell 01 - Address: 00:16:B6:1C:78:D4
ESSID:"myssid"
Protocol:IEEE 802.11bg
Mode:Master
Channel:6
Encryption key:on
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s 11 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Quality=100/100 Signal level=-135 dBm
IE: WPA Version 1
Group Cipher : CCMP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
Extra: Last beacon: 28ms ago
Encryptionh Key is ON
WPA is enabled
You are DONE !!
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