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Today's Topics:
1. Re: Vaccum Cairo Errors (Daniel Fischer)
2. Question regarding infering the type of a function (MoC)
3. Re: Question regarding infering the type of a function
(Joe Fredette)
4. Re: Question regarding infering the type of a function
(Daniel Fischer)
5. Re: Question regarding infering the type of a function (MoC)
6. edit-compile-test loop (Tom Doris)
7. Re: edit-compile-test loop (Joe Fredette)
8. Re: edit-compile-test loop (Tom Doris)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 16:37:04 +0200
From: Daniel Fischer <daniel.is.fisc...@web.de>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] Vaccum Cairo Errors
To: beginners@haskell.org
Message-ID: <200909211637.04184.daniel.is.fisc...@web.de>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-15"
Am Montag 21 September 2009 16:21:10 schrieb aditya siram:
> Hi all,
> I am trying out the awesome Vacuum Cairo package on GHC 6.10.3 but I am
>
> getting some interesting errors. The following works in GHCI:
> > view [1 .. 3]
>
> But the following does not work in GHCI:
> > let x = [1 .. 3]
> > view x
>
> or,
>
> > x <- return [1 .. 3]
> > view x
>
> For the last two I get:
> context: "(:)|0" -> >>> {"1|1", <<< "(:)|2"}
> ghc: ../../src/xcb_lock.c:77: _XGetXCBBuffer: Assertion `((int) ((xcb_req)
> - (dpy->request)) >= 0)' failed.
> Aborted
>
> and GHCI quits.
>
> Any ideas?
> thanks ...
> deech
Probably it's that in the last two, x is given the type [Integer] by ghci (see
http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Monomorphism_Restriction ) while view
expects an [Int].
Do
let x = [1 .. 3] :: [Int]
view x
and
x <- return ([1 .. 3] :: [Int])
view x
work?
------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 21:47:40 +0200
From: MoC <m...@coders-haven.net>
Subject: [Haskell-beginners] Question regarding infering the type of a
function
To: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID: <4ab7d85c.5050...@coders-haven.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Hi everybody,
today somebody on IRC (#haskell on Freenode) jokingly submitted the
following to lambdabot:
> (.) (.)
It turned out that (.) (.) :: (a1 -> b -> c) -> a1 -> (a -> b) -> a ->
c. I got interested in why that is so, but unfortunately I have not been
able to figure this out by myself yet. I know that partial application
is used, but don't know to what it would expand to and why.
Could someone please explain?
(I asked on the channel, but nobody did answer so I thought I'd try my
luck here.)
Regards,
MoC
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 16:18:45 -0400
From: Joe Fredette <jfred...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] Question regarding infering the type
of a function
To: MoC <m...@coders-haven.net>
Cc: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID: <f6e04b47-bb90-4c06-806b-ce35c482b...@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
The type of `(.)` is
(.) :: (b->c) -> (a->b) -> a -> c
it can be defined as:
(.) f g x = f (g x)
So, let f = (.), then we can plug that in and make it infix in the
defn to get:
(.) (.) g x q y = g x . q $ y
I had to add a few variables there to make it pointed, as opposed to
the more succint semipointfree version:
(.) (.) g x = (.) g x
So we can see that this function, `(.) (.)` takes four arguments, a
function on 2 inputs (g, because (.) is going to feed it another one,
and it's taking one already, in the form of x). One of the variables
of appropriate some arbitrary type `t` (since g is the only thing that
will ever see it, you can think of it as a kind of index to an indexed
family of functions of type `b->c`.) giving `(.) (.)` just `x` will
reduce the type to something you should recognize, that is if:
foo x = something in (\ g q y -> (.) (.) g x' q y)
then foo has type:
foo :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
eg, foo = (.)
So, (.) (.) effectively says, "Given a indexed family of functions
from `b -> c`, indexed by some type `t` compose the `t`th function
with some function `q` from `a -> b`, and return a function of type `a
-> c`.
You might use it for something like mapping over a list at a given
starting point, or something.
HTH.
/Joe
On Sep 21, 2009, at 3:47 PM, MoC wrote:
> Hi everybody,
>
> today somebody on IRC (#haskell on Freenode) jokingly submitted the
> following to lambdabot:
> > (.) (.)
> It turned out that (.) (.) :: (a1 -> b -> c) -> a1 -> (a -> b) -> a -
> > c. I got interested in why that is so, but unfortunately I have
> not been able to figure this out by myself yet. I know that partial
> application is used, but don't know to what it would expand to and
> why.
> Could someone please explain?
> (I asked on the channel, but nobody did answer so I thought I'd try
> my luck here.)
>
> Regards,
> MoC
> _______________________________________________
> Beginners mailing list
> Beginners@haskell.org
> http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/beginners
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 22:18:33 +0200
From: Daniel Fischer <daniel.is.fisc...@web.de>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] Question regarding infering the type
of a function
To: beginners@haskell.org
Message-ID: <200909212218.33909.daniel.is.fisc...@web.de>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Am Montag 21 September 2009 21:47:40 schrieb MoC:
> Hi everybody,
>
> today somebody on IRC (#haskell on Freenode) jokingly submitted the
>
> following to lambdabot:
> > (.) (.)
>
> It turned out that (.) (.) :: (a1 -> b -> c) -> a1 -> (a -> b) -> a ->
> c. I got interested in why that is so, but unfortunately I have not been
> able to figure this out by myself yet. I know that partial application
> is used, but don't know to what it would expand to and why.
> Could someone please explain?
> (I asked on the channel, but nobody did answer so I thought I'd try my
> luck here.)
And it's not futile :)
The type of (.) is
(forall a, b, c.) (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
Now, to not get confused, choose different type variables for the type of the
first (.)
and the second, say the first has type
(b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
and the second has type
(v -> w) -> (u -> v) -> u -> w === (v -> w) -> ((u -> v) -> (u -> w))
Feeding it as an argument to the first, we must unify this type with the type
of the first
(.)'s (first) argument, (b -> c), thus
b = (v -> w)
c = (u -> v) -> u -> w
and the type of (.) (.) becomes (a -> b) -> a -> c, which is
(a -> (v -> w)) -> a -> ((u -> v) -> u -> w)
by what we got for b and c.
Now remove those parentheses which aren't necessary because (->) is right
associative, to
get
(a -> v -> w) -> a -> (u -> v) -> u -> w
and rename the type variables to get exactly lambdabot's answer.
>
> Regards,
> MoC
------------------------------
Message: 5
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:06:37 +0200
From: MoC <m...@coders-haven.net>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] Question regarding infering the type
of a function
To: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID: <4ab7eadd.8030...@coders-haven.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Daniel Fischer wrote:
>
> (v -> w) -> (u -> v) -> u -> w === (v -> w) -> ((u -> v) -> (u -> w))
>
> Feeding it as an argument to the first, we must unify this type with the type
> of the first
> (.)'s (first) argument, (b -> c), thus
>
> b = (v -> w)
> c = (u -> v) -> u -> w
>
> and the type of (.) (.) becomes (a -> b) -> a -> c, which is
>
> (a -> (v -> w)) -> a -> ((u -> v) -> u -> w)
>
> by what we got for b and c.
I started with the same approach but for whatever reason failed to see
the "feeding" process so I basically said that
b = (v -> w) -> ((u -> v) -> (u -> w))
which, of course, was a dead end. It's interesting that I did not have
problems with acknowledging a feeding process with "simple" (for I don't
know the proper term) types, e. g. it was clear to me that if I feed
f :: (a->b)->c
with
g :: Integer -> Integer
a and b in this case would be Integer in this case. I think I'm not
completely used to functions being value, yet. ;)
Anyway, thank you very much for helping out (actually to both replies)
and in this case also for clarifying.
Regards,
MoC
------------------------------
Message: 6
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 22:35:24 +0100
From: Tom Doris <tomdo...@gmail.com>
Subject: [Haskell-beginners] edit-compile-test loop
To: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID:
<19e5d1d00909211435g1c123fb9m79b45d3736d1...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Hi
I'd like to know what the typical edit-compile-test loop looks like with the
Haskell platform; that is, in C++ this would be edit, run make to compile
everything in the project into libraries and executables, then run an
executable test suite. I'm confused as to how people work on larger projects
in Haskell - do you work on a single module and load it into ghci to test as
you develop, then compile the entire package and run a test suite? Or do you
generally only use ghci for prototyping and not when in the middle of proper
development? Or do you compile the package and load that into ghci? I'd like
to know as I'm starting to work on patches for some hackage packages which
have proper cabal builds etc., and want to follow the correct (and
efficient!) convention.
Thanks
Tom
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Message: 7
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 17:52:49 -0400
From: Joe Fredette <jfred...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] edit-compile-test loop
To: Tom Doris <tomdo...@gmail.com>
Cc: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID: <14acfc65-6a9c-4549-ae55-be873e202...@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
Assuming I'm starting a brand-new project, it starts by creating a
file in my code directory. initing darcs there, creating the .cabal
file, and creating a basic module hierarchy. After that, I `touch` a
couple of files. add the standard license/description/other header
info...
When I'm working on the code proper, I have a screen session split to
a ghci session and a vim session editing the file. The ghci sits in
the base directory of the projects (where the _darcs folder is) and
has the files I'm working on loaded. I edit, ^a-tab to ghci, reload,
flip back, fix errors, repeat till it loads. After that, I run a few
tests to make sure the program does what I think it does, if not, I
fix it, then back to adding new functionality.
I hope this is what you wanted to know. Towards the point where I'm
going to release a version, I substitute the ghci-business to a
proper test harness/cabal build to make sure it compiles all correctly.
/Joe
On Sep 21, 2009, at 5:35 PM, Tom Doris wrote:
> Hi
> I'd like to know what the typical edit-compile-test loop looks like
> with the Haskell platform; that is, in C++ this would be edit, run
> make to compile everything in the project into libraries and
> executables, then run an executable test suite. I'm confused as to
> how people work on larger projects in Haskell - do you work on a
> single module and load it into ghci to test as you develop, then
> compile the entire package and run a test suite? Or do you generally
> only use ghci for prototyping and not when in the middle of proper
> development? Or do you compile the package and load that into ghci?
> I'd like to know as I'm starting to work on patches for some hackage
> packages which have proper cabal builds etc., and want to follow the
> correct (and efficient!) convention.
> Thanks
> Tom
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Beginners mailing list
> Beginners@haskell.org
> http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/beginners
------------------------------
Message: 8
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:22:33 +0100
From: Tom Doris <tomdo...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Haskell-beginners] edit-compile-test loop
To: Joe Fredette <jfred...@gmail.com>
Cc: Haskell Beginners <beginners@haskell.org>
Message-ID:
<19e5d1d00909211522v1a6eac25y862d1164e60c8...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Thanks, this is very helpful; can you give more detail about your process
once you've transitioned to a "proper test harness/cabal build", how does
this usually hang together?
2009/9/21 Joe Fredette <jfred...@gmail.com>
> Assuming I'm starting a brand-new project, it starts by creating a file in
> my code directory. initing darcs there, creating the .cabal file, and
> creating a basic module hierarchy. After that, I `touch` a couple of files.
> add the standard license/description/other header info...
>
> When I'm working on the code proper, I have a screen session split to a
> ghci session and a vim session editing the file. The ghci sits in the base
> directory of the projects (where the _darcs folder is) and has the files I'm
> working on loaded. I edit, ^a-tab to ghci, reload, flip back, fix errors,
> repeat till it loads. After that, I run a few tests to make sure the program
> does what I think it does, if not, I fix it, then back to adding new
> functionality.
>
> I hope this is what you wanted to know. Towards the point where I'm going
> to release a version, I substitute the ghci-business to a proper test
> harness/cabal build to make sure it compiles all correctly.
>
> /Joe
>
>
> On Sep 21, 2009, at 5:35 PM, Tom Doris wrote:
>
> Hi
>> I'd like to know what the typical edit-compile-test loop looks like with
>> the Haskell platform; that is, in C++ this would be edit, run make to
>> compile everything in the project into libraries and executables, then run
>> an executable test suite. I'm confused as to how people work on larger
>> projects in Haskell - do you work on a single module and load it into ghci
>> to test as you develop, then compile the entire package and run a test
>> suite? Or do you generally only use ghci for prototyping and not when in the
>> middle of proper development? Or do you compile the package and load that
>> into ghci? I'd like to know as I'm starting to work on patches for some
>> hackage packages which have proper cabal builds etc., and want to follow the
>> correct (and efficient!) convention.
>> Thanks
>> Tom
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Beginners mailing list
>> Beginners@haskell.org
>> http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/beginners
>>
>
>
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