--- David Gilden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> The following uppercase'S the whole string, when all I want is the
> first letter.
> sub uppercase{
>  ($s) = @_; return uc($s);  # works but caps the whole string
> }

Others have already said to use ucfirst. =o)

> lastly, in this hash of hashs..
> 
> $bears = {
> 
>     rec1 => {
>                 type =>  'sweater',
>                 name =>  'sweaterie',
>                 color => 'golden brown',
>                 food =>  'mixed beries',            
>             },
>         
> 
> one of many... more recs heres
> 
> 
> }
> 
> 
> is $ (scalar) $bears, correct? should not be %bears 

scalar $bears is correct if you want a reference, which is how you were
using it before.

to say $bears->{food} is correct if that's what you want.

If instead you just want a normal hash, change $bears to %bears, but
you must also change the {} around the contents to (), and the
references like $bears->{food} to $bears{food}

> How would I get the lenght of $bears if I wanted to a:
> 
> for (0 ..  # true lenght of $bears )

Why would you do this?
It isn't an array....
Do you want to know how many keys there are?
try 
   scalar keys %bears
 
> and as it is, I can not do the following, that you would use will
> normal hashs
> 
> foreach my $key (sort keys %bears ) {

If you're using the reference syntax, dereference it in the loop
structure.

  for my $key ( sort keys %{$bears} ) { # . . . 

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