Ryan Dillinger wrote:
> Hello all,
Hello,
> I was wondering if someone could explain lines: 14, 17, 18, 21, 27, and 43
> please. I understand the bulk of the script. But to put it all
> together would better. Thanks so much!
>
> 1. #!/usr/bin/perl
> 2. # hangman.pl
> 3. use warnings;
> 4.
> 5. @words = qw(internet cyber groups information);
> 6. @guesses = ();
> 7. $wrong = 0;
> 8.
> 9. $answers = $words[rand @words];
> 10. $hangman = "0-|--<";
> 11.
> 12. @letters = split(//, $answers);
> 13. @hangman = split(//, $hangman);
> 14. @blankword = (0) x scalar(@letters);
x is a multiplication operator so the list (0) is multiplied by the number of
elements in @letters giving @blankword the same number of elements all with
the value of the list. The scalar() is superfluous because @letters is
already in scalar context.
> 15. OUTER:
> 16. while ($wrong < @hangman) {
> 17. foreach $i (0..$#letters) {
The range operator .. creates a list starting at 0 to the number contained in
$#letters which is the index of the last element in @letters. If @letters
contains the list ( 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e' ) then the first element has the
index 0 and the last element has the index 4 so $#letters will contain 4.
foreach iterates over the list and stores each element in turn into the $i
variable.
> 18. if ($blankword[$i]) {
if tests whether the contents of $blankword[$i] is true or false. The
@blankword array was initialised to all zeros which are false.
> 19. print $blankword[$i];
> 20. } else {
> 21. print "-";
print the '-' character.
> 22. }
> 23. }
> 24. print "\n";
> 25.
> 26. if ($wrong) {
> 27. print @hangman[0..$wrong-1]
print the array slice @hangman[0..$wrong-1] which is the list of $hangman[0]
through $hangman[$wrong-1] inclusive. The if test is superfluous because if
$wrong-1 is less than 0 then the empty list will be returned to print.
> 28.}
> 29.print "\n Your Guess: ";
> 30. $guess = <STDIN>; chomp $guess;
> 31. foreach(@guesses) {
> 32. next OUTER if ($_ eq $guess);
> 33.}
> 34. [EMAIL PROTECTED] = $guess;
> 35. $right = 0;
> 36. for ($i = 0; $i < @letters; $i++) {
> 37. if ($letters[$i] eq $guess) {
> 38. $blankword[$i]= $guess;
> 39. $right = 1;
> 40. }
> 41.}
> 42. $wrong++ if (not $right);
> 43. if (join('', @blankword) eq $answers) {
join joins all the elements of @blankword together separated by the '' string
and returns a scalar which is compared to the scalar $answers.
> 44. print "You got it right!\n";
> 45. exit;
> 46. }
> 47. }
> 48. print "$hangman\nSorry, the word was $answers.\n";
A more perlish and shorter version. :-)
#!/usr/bin/perl
# hangman.pl
use warnings;
use strict;
my @words = qw( internet cyber groups information );
my @hangman = qw( 0 - | - - < );
my @letters = split //, $words[ rand @words ];
my @blankword = ( 0 ) x @letters;
my %guesses;
my $wrong = -1;
while ( $wrong < $#hangman ) {
print map( $blankword[ $_ ] || '-', 0 .. $#letters ), "\n",
@hangman[ 0 .. $wrong ], "\n",
' Your Guess: ';
chomp( my $guess = <STDIN> );
$guesses{ $guess }++ and next;
$wrong += ! map $letters[ $_ ] eq $guess
? ( $blankword[ $_ ] = $guess )
: (),
0 .. $#letters;
die "You got it right!\n" if "@letters" eq "@blankword";
}
print @hangman, "\nSorry, the word was ", @letters, ".\n";
__END__
Any more questions? ;-)
John
--
use Perl;
program
fulfillment
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