The Offside Rule and Offside Trap in Football(Soccer)

It is not an offence in itself to be in an offside position.
A player is in an offside position if:

 *   he is nearer to his opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second 
last opponent

A player is not in an offside position if:

 *   he is in his own half of the field of play
 *   he is level with the second last opponent
 *   he is level with the last two opponents

Commiting an Offside Offence
A player in an offside position is only penalised if, at the moment the ball 
touches or is played by one of his team, he is, in the opinion of the referee, 
involved in active play by:

 *   interfering with play
 *   interfering with an opponent
 *   gaining an advantage by being in that position

No Offence
There is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from:

 *   a goal kick
 *   a throw-in
 *   a corner kick

Infringements/ Sanctions
For any offside offence, the referee awards an indirect free kick to the 
opposing team to be taken from the place where the infringement occurred.

[http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/offside-rule-trap-success.gif]<http://keralites.net/>

This is offside because the red number 10 is in front of all of the defenders, 
leaving only the goalkeeper back which isn't enough players to play him onside. 
This position may have been forced by the defenders moving forward in what is 
called the offside trap.

[http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/offside-rule-trap-fail.gif]<http://keralites.net/>

Here we can see that the blue number 3 defender has fail to move up the field 
with rest of his defence and played the red number 9 onside. This is a classic 
example of where the offside trap fails

[http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/why-offside-rule-exists.gif]<http://keralites.net/>

The offside rule exists to stop goal hanging, where a player stands next to the 
opposing teams goal keeper in the hope that someone can get the ball to him 
(probably using a long ball), so he can get it past the goal keeper. Which 
would make for a very boring game.

[http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/offside-rule-two-players.gif]<http://keralites.net/>

The red number 9 isn't beyond the blue 4 defender but is offside because the 
goal keeper isn't back. This is one of those rare occasions where goal keeper 
is out of the goal (e.g. last minute of F.A. Cup final on a corner kick) and 
can't get back in time but if the attacking team play the ball as they normally 
would, then it would be offside because the offside rule requires two defenders 
to be in front the attacker and the goal keeper usually counts as a defender.

[http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/offside-rule-wrong.gif]<http://keralites.net/>

Why are linesmen (assistant referees) always calling offside when it isn't? 
Well believe it or not its not really their fault (unless the decision goes 
against you or your team), it's all to do with angles and line of sight. In the 
picture the purple line represents the linesman's line of sight which as you 
can see is at a slight angle, this line should be parallel with the goal line. 
So even though the red number 10 is being played onside by the blue defender it 
will be called offside. This is unfortunate but does happen from time to time.

source : http://www.offside-ref.co.uk/laws/11-offside-rule/detailed

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