Reenviando.
Library of Congress May Begin Transitioning Away from MARC
http://www.libraryjournal.com/ lj/home/890784-264/library_of_
congress_may_begin.html.csp
By Michael Kelley May 26, 2011
The Library of Congress has announced
that it is going to undertake a major reevaluation of bibliographic
control in a move that could lead to a gradual transition away from
the 40-year-old MARC 21 standard in which billions of metadata records are
presently encoded. "It's
a ten," said Sally McCallum without hesitation when asked to rank
the project's scope and importance on a scale of one to ten.
McCallum is chief of the Network Development and MARC Standards Office
at LOC.The goal of the Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative
is to determine "what is needed to transform our digital
framework" in the light of technological changes and budgetary
constraints, said Deanna B. Marcum, the library's Associate
Librarian for Library Services, who will lead the initiative. "It's
very important that we find a way to link library resources to the
whole world of information resources not focusing exclusively on
bibliographic information," she said.By rethinking MARC, which
has supported resource sharing and cataloging cost savings for many
years and is the predominant standard for the representation and
communication of bibliographic and related information in
machine-readable form, Marcum said that the LOC hopes to determine
whether the standard can "evolve to do all the things we'd like it
to do, or do we need to replace it" with something more compatible
with the Internet world.As the LOC concludes what to retain from
current metadata encoding standards, the library community may
eventually need to get comfortable with other data structures."We
have a huge library infrastructure very much built up over the
years around the MARC format, and this will cause some disruption
of that and that costs something and it has to be done smartly and
carefully," said McCallum. "We can go on as we are but it's not
desirable," she said.
Inspired by RDA
The hope is that a move toward new data structures will "enable
bibliographic data to be used in very new technologies and
technical configurations, such as the semantic web," McCallum said."I
think we need to go into some of these new data structures with
more alacrity than we have," McCallum said. "It would behoove the
community to get comfortable with other data structures, like XML
or RDF."There is also a desire in the library community to "reap
the full benefits of new and emerging content standards," as
indicated by the comments that accompanied the testing of the new Resource
Description and Access (RDA) standard, Marcum said.RDA
is a cataloguing code which covers all types of content and media
(including digital resources) and was released about a year ago to
replace the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd Edition Revised
(AACR2). Its development was a recognition that libraries operate
in a digital environment and have to deal with metadata creators
who are not librarians. RDA integrates library cataloguing records
with this new metadata, but the testing raised further issues that
have spurred the new initiative."Many people made the comment
that while the new code [RDA] will allow us to better link the
disparate resources that are available, there are inherent
difficulties in using MARC as the carrier for the records we create
in this new code. It's just time to get serious," she said.The Working
Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control, formed in 2006, also
helped drive the new agenda."They
raised this issue. I give that group credit for raising this issue
of whether it is time to reevaluate the MARC standard," Marcum
said. "And I think by focusing on that question it has increased
the sensitivity of all of us to the barriers that exist in our
current system to making information fully accessible," Marcum
said.
Change will come slowly
The LOC intends any changes to be gradual."MARC
is going to be around for another ten years. It's used too
universally," McCallum said. "There are too many services and
products based in MARC, and its use will simply dwindle as people
convert and as they can afford to convert," she said."We want
change with stability," McCallum said. The LOC is mindful that
libraries have to contain costs even as they are being asked to
provide cataloging metadata for the exploding amount of digital
material.The project will also: Foster maximum re-use of library metadata in
the broader web search environment.Explore the use of data models such
as Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
in navigating relationships, whether those are actively encoded
by librarians or made discernible by the semantic web.Plan
for bringing existing metadata into new bibliographic systems
within the broader Library of Congress technical infrastructure.Marcum
said the initiative will be "fully collaborative," and an initial
discussion will take place in June at the annual conference of the
American Library Association in New Orleans. A series of meetings
with stakeholders are expected in 2012 and 2013.
--- On Thu, 5/26/11, V Gauz <[email protected]> wrote:
From: V Gauz <[email protected]>
Subject: Transição gradual, Library of Congress
To: "bib_virtual IBICT" <[email protected]>
Date: Thursday, May 26, 2011, 8:22 PM
Library of Congress May Begin Transitioning Away from MARC
http://www.libraryjournal.com/ lj/home/890784-264/library_of_
congress_may_begin.html.csp
By Michael Kelley May 26, 2011
The Library of Congress has announced
that it is going to undertake a major reevaluation of bibliographic
control in a move that could lead to a gradual transition away from
the 40-year-old MARC 21 standard in which billions of metadata records are
presently encoded. "It's
a ten," said Sally McCallum without hesitation when asked to rank
the project's scope and importance on a scale of one to ten.
McCallum is chief of the Network Development and MARC Standards Office
at LOC.The goal of the Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative
is to determine "what is needed to transform our digital
framework" in the light of technological changes and budgetary
constraints, said Deanna B. Marcum, the library's Associate
Librarian for Library Services, who will lead the initiative. "It's
very important that we find a way to link library resources to the
whole world of information resources not focusing exclusively on
bibliographic information," she said.By rethinking MARC, which
has supported resource sharing and cataloging cost savings for many
years and is the predominant standard for the representation and
communication of bibliographic and related information in
machine-readable form, Marcum said that the LOC hopes to determine
whether the standard can "evolve to do all the things we'd like it
to do, or do we need to replace it" with something more compatible
with the Internet world.As the LOC concludes what to retain from
current metadata encoding standards, the library community may
eventually need to get comfortable with other data structures."We
have a huge library infrastructure very much built up over the
years around the MARC format, and this will cause some disruption
of that and that costs something and it has to be done smartly and
carefully," said McCallum. "We can go on as we are but it's not
desirable," she said.
Inspired by RDA
The hope is that a move toward new data structures will "enable
bibliographic data to be used in very new technologies and
technical configurations, such as the semantic web," McCallum said."I
think we need to go into some of these new data structures with
more alacrity than we have," McCallum said. "It would behoove the
community to get comfortable with other data structures, like XML
or RDF."There is also a desire in the library community to "reap
the full benefits of new and emerging content standards," as
indicated by the comments that accompanied the testing of the new Resource
Description and Access (RDA) standard, Marcum said.RDA
is a cataloguing code which covers all types of content and media
(including digital resources) and was released about a year ago to
replace the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd Edition Revised
(AACR2). Its development was a recognition that libraries operate
in a digital environment and have to deal with metadata creators
who are not librarians. RDA integrates library cataloguing records
with this new metadata, but the testing raised further issues that
have spurred the new initiative."Many people made the comment
that while the new code [RDA] will allow us to better link the
disparate resources that are available, there are inherent
difficulties in using MARC as the carrier for the records we create
in this new code. It's just time to get serious," she said.The Working
Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control, formed in 2006, also
helped drive the new agenda."They
raised this issue. I give that group credit for raising this issue
of whether it is time to reevaluate the MARC standard," Marcum
said. "And I think by focusing on that question it has increased
the sensitivity of all of us to the barriers that exist in our
current system to making information fully accessible," Marcum
said.
Change will come slowly
The LOC intends any changes to be gradual."MARC
is going to be around for another ten years. It's used too
universally," McCallum said. "There are too many services and
products based in MARC, and its use will simply dwindle as people
convert and as they can afford to convert," she said."We want
change with stability," McCallum said. The LOC is mindful that
libraries have to contain costs even as they are being asked to
provide cataloging metadata for the exploding amount of digital
material.The project will also: Foster maximum re-use of library metadata in
the broader web search environment.Explore the use of data models such
as Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
in navigating relationships, whether those are actively encoded
by librarians or made discernible by the semantic web.Plan
for bringing existing metadata into new bibliographic systems
within the broader Library of Congress technical infrastructure.Marcum
said the initiative will be "fully collaborative," and an initial
discussion will take place in June at the annual conference of the
American Library Association in New Orleans. A series of meetings
with stakeholders are expected in 2012 and 2013._______________________________________________
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