I'm installing a Sugino XD500 triple crank on a new custom frame. I've
taken off the inner two chainrings and will be using the crank with
just the single 48t outer chainring. I installed a temporary bottom
bracket in the frame to measure how short of a bottom bracket spindle
I can use so as to achieve the smallest Q-factor (tread). The
temporary bottom bracket has a 115mm spindle. Based on my
measurements, I should be able to get by with a 103mm spindle.

I would like to use a Phil Wood bottom bracket and their 103mm version
is listed as "short taper." I haven't been able to find a clear
definition of what this means. There is confusing information
especially on the Harrisy Cyclery web site, which seems to use the
terms "short taper" "low profile" and "compact" interchangeably when
describing bottom brackets of this type. Sheldon describes low profile
cranks here: http://www.sheldonbrown.com/cranks.html, and my
understanding of the term compact crank is that it refers to cranks
with 110/74 bcds. I'm also pretty sure that this has nothing to do
with difference between JIS and ISO tapers.

So my questions (finally) are:

What exactly is a short taper bottom bracket? (there is an obvious
answer based on its name...i'm looking for a more technical answer).

What types of cranks can be used with it?

What is the relationship between the terms short taper, low profile,
and compact?

Can a short taper bottom bracket be safely and appropriately used with
a Sugino XD crank?

Will a Sugino XD crank fit differently on a short taper bottom
bracket, such that I will need to re-think my measurements?

Lots of questions! Thanks for all your help.

-Eric


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