And yes this works for signed time regardless of whether it is ones complement 
or
twos complement.

> On 22 Jul 2026, at 12:06, marka <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> Yes.  Serial numbers use modulo arithmetic.  See RFC 1982.  The value is just 
> entered
> as: serial = time % (2^32) with checks to ensure it is monotonically 
> increasing on each
> change which allows for more than one change per second.
> 
>> On 22 Jul 2026, at 03:00, Paul Kosinski via bind-users 
>> <[email protected]> wrote:
>> 
>> So BIND's UnixTime, being represented in decimal, allows values beyond 
>> 2^32-1 without any problem?
>> 
>> 
>> On Tue, 21 Jul 2026 18:36:53 +0200
>> Ondřej Surý <[email protected]> wrote:
>> 
>>> Hi Ajay,
>>> 
>>> switch to unixtime serial number and the problem goes away. You will also 
>>> get
>>> a one-second granularity for the updates as free bonus. The YYYYMMDDNN
>>> only allows 100 updates per-day.
>>> 
>>> Ondrej
>>> --
>>> Ondřej Surý (He/Him)
>>> [email protected]
>> -- 
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> 
> -- 
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742              INTERNET: [email protected]
> 
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Mark Andrews, ISC
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PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742              INTERNET: [email protected]

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