On Thu, Jun 04, 2026 at 11:01:25AM +0000, Peter Todd wrote:
> On Thu, May 28, 2026 at 10:25:51AM -0700, Murch wrote:
> > One-time signature schemes are not well-suited for Bitcoin because they:
> > - cannot be used to participate in multi-user transaction (as another
> > participant could fail the process and force a second signature)
> > - incur lost funds or lost keys upon address reuse (as every node would need
> > to track every output script to prevent duplicates, and the recipient has no
> > say in their output script being sent to another time)
> > - are incompatible with transaction replacement (zero-conf enthusiasts
> > rejoice!)
> Note that you can design a message signing scheme where you can use a pubkey 
> to
> sign a merkle tree of messages. In the case of a transaction, multiple
> conflicting versions of the transaction with different fee rates.

There's a balance to be had between what's considered part of the message
signing scheme versus what's part of the scripting language.

The scheme above could also be thought of as signing a single message
"spend this utxo is valid if this script's conditions are meant",
where the script is "or(fee <= 0.5, and(nSequence >= 100, fee <= 1.0),
and(nSequence >= 1000, fee <= 30.0))"

Delegating to a signed script like this is essentially the "graftroot"
concept.

Cheers,
aj

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