Author: bdubbs
Date: 2005-05-31 19:03:19 -0600 (Tue, 31 May 2005)
New Revision: 4532
Added:
trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/users.xml
Modified:
trunk/BOOK/introduction/welcome/changelog.xml
trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/config.xml
trunk/BOOK/server/major/nfs-utils.xml
trunk/BOOK/stylesheets/blfs.css
Log:
Added section explaining system uids and gids
Modified: trunk/BOOK/introduction/welcome/changelog.xml
===================================================================
--- trunk/BOOK/introduction/welcome/changelog.xml 2005-05-31 18:10:31 UTC
(rev 4531)
+++ trunk/BOOK/introduction/welcome/changelog.xml 2005-06-01 01:03:19 UTC
(rev 4532)
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
+ <para>May 31st, 2005 [bdubbs]: Added section explaining system user
+ and group numerical asssignments.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
<para>May 31st, 2005 [randy]: Removed the explicit path from the
GDM bootscript commands and updated the GDM instructions to include a
note to update the script if $GNOME_PREFIX is non-stardard; updated
Modified: trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/config.xml
===================================================================
--- trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/config.xml 2005-05-31 18:10:31 UTC (rev
4531)
+++ trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/config.xml 2005-06-01 01:03:19 UTC (rev
4532)
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"; href="bootdisk.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"; href="skel.xml"/>
+ <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"; href="users.xml"/>
<!-- <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude";
href="inputrc.xml"/> -->
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"; href="profile.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"; href="vimrc.xml"/>
Added: trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/users.xml
===================================================================
--- trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/users.xml 2005-05-31 18:10:31 UTC (rev 4531)
+++ trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/users.xml 2005-06-01 01:03:19 UTC (rev 4532)
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd"; [
+ <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
+ %general-entities;
+]>
+
+<sect1 id="postlfs-users-groups" xreflabel="About System Users and Groups">
+ <?dbhtml filename="users.html"?>
+
+ <sect1info>
+ <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
+ <date>$Date$</date>
+ </sect1info>
+
+ <title>About System Users and Groups</title>
+
+ <indexterm zone="postlfs-users-groups">
+ <primary sortas="e-etc-passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <indexterm zone="postlfs-users-groups">
+ <primary sortas="e-etc-group">/etc/group</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <indexterm zone="postlfs-users-groups">
+ <primary sortas="e-etc-login.defs">/etc/login.defs</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>Throughout BLFS, there are many packages that install programs that
+ run as daemons or in some way should have a user or group name
+ assigned. Generally these names are used to map a user ID (uid) or group
+ ID (gid) for system use. Generally the specific uid or gid numbers used
+ by these applications are not significant. The exception, of course is
+ that root has a uid and gid of 0 (zero) that is indeed special. The uid
+ values are stored in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and the gid values
+ are found in <filename>/etc/group</filename>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Customarily, Unix systems classify users and groups into two
+ categories: system users and regular users. The system users and groups are
+ given low numbers and regular users and groups have numeric values greater
+ than all the system values. The cutoff for these numbers is found in two
+ parameters in the <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> configuration file.
+ The default UID_MIN value is 1000 and the default GID_MIN value is 100. If a
+ specific uid or gid value is not specified when creating a user with
+ <command>useradd</command> or a group with <command>groupadd</command> the
values
+ assigned will always be above these cutoff values.</para>
+
+ <para>Additionally, the
+ <ulink
url='http://refspecs.freestandards.org/LSB_3.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/usernames.html'>
+ Linux Standards Base</ulink> recommends that system uid and gid values
should be
+ below 100.</para>
+
+ <para>Below is a table of suggested uid/gid values used in BLFS. These can
+ be changed as desired, but provide a suggested set of consistent
values.</para>
+
+ <table id="uidgid" class='uidvalues'>
+ <title>UID/GID Suggested Values</title>
+ <tgroup cols='3' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
+ <thead>
+ <row><entry>Name</entry><entry>uid</entry><entry>gid</entry></row>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <row><entry>bin </entry><entry> 1</entry><entry> 1</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>lp </entry><entry> 9</entry><entry> </entry></row>
+ <row><entry>usb </entry><entry> </entry><entry>14</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>named </entry><entry>20</entry><entry>20</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>gdm </entry><entry>21</entry><entry>21</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>fcron </entry><entry>22</entry><entry>22</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>apache </entry><entry>25</entry><entry>25</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>smmsp </entry><entry> </entry><entry>26</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>courier </entry><entry>30</entry><entry>30</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>exim </entry><entry>31</entry><entry>31</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>postfix </entry><entry>32</entry><entry>32</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>postdrop</entry><entry> </entry><entry>33</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>sendmail</entry><entry>34</entry><entry> </entry></row>
+ <row><entry>mail </entry><entry> </entry><entry>34</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>vmailman</entry><entry>35</entry><entry>35</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>news </entry><entry>36</entry><entry>36</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>mysql </entry><entry>40</entry><entry>40</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>postgres</entry><entry>41</entry><entry> </entry></row>
+ <row><entry>ftp </entry><entry>45</entry><entry>45</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>proftpd </entry><entry>46</entry><entry>46</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>vsftpd </entry><entry>47</entry><entry>47</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>rsyncd </entry><entry>48</entry><entry>48</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>sshd </entry><entry>50</entry><entry>50</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>stunnel </entry><entry>51</entry><entry>51</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>svn </entry><entry>56</entry><entry>56</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>games </entry><entry>60</entry><entry>60</entry></row>
+ <row><entry>nobody </entry><entry>99</entry><entry> </entry></row>
+ <row><entry>nogroup </entry><entry> </entry><entry>99</entry></row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>One value that is missing is 65534. This value is customarily assigned
+ to the user <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and group
+ <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> and is unnecessary. The
+ issue is explained in more detail in the first note in the <xref
+ linkend='nfs-utils-install'/> section.</para>
+
+</sect1>
Property changes on: trunk/BOOK/postlfs/config/users.xml
___________________________________________________________________
Name: svn:keywords
+ LastChangedDate Author
Modified: trunk/BOOK/server/major/nfs-utils.xml
===================================================================
--- trunk/BOOK/server/major/nfs-utils.xml 2005-05-31 18:10:31 UTC (rev
4531)
+++ trunk/BOOK/server/major/nfs-utils.xml 2005-06-01 01:03:19 UTC (rev
4532)
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
</sect2>
- <sect2 role="installation">
+ <sect2 role="installation" id='nfs-utils-install' xreflabel='NFS Utilities
Installation'>
<title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>
<para>Before you compile the program, you need to be sure the
@@ -104,12 +104,12 @@
<note>
<para>The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
- interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other files
on
- some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files. The
+ interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other files
+ on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files. The
<systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
- class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values have small impact.
- The impact on a server is nil if the exports file is configured
correctly.
- If it is misconfigured, the impact is that a <command>ls -l</command> or
+ class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
+ The impact on a server is nil if the exports file is configured
+ correctly. If it is misconfigured, the <command>ls -l</command> or
<command>ps</command> listing will show a uid or gid number of 65534
instead of a name. The client uses <systemitem
class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user running
Modified: trunk/BOOK/stylesheets/blfs.css
===================================================================
--- trunk/BOOK/stylesheets/blfs.css 2005-05-31 18:10:31 UTC (rev 4531)
+++ trunk/BOOK/stylesheets/blfs.css 2005-06-01 01:03:19 UTC (rev 4532)
@@ -195,6 +195,23 @@
margin: 0.3em;
}
+div.table table {
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ }
+
+div.table td, div.table th {
+ padding: 0.3em;
+ text-align: right;
+ vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+div.table tr > td:first-child, div.table tr > th:first-child {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+
+
+
span.term {
display: block;
}
--
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