Back in Iowa most of our neighbors had wells and hand operated pumps. So did we. Our water was quite good, people used to come from nearby to drink our water and take samples home. One of our neighbors kept a thick cotton sock over the pump spout. It collected small rocks and had to be emptied out occasionally.
Regards. Max. K 4 O D S. Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Transistor site http://www.funwithtransistors.net Vacuum tube site: http://www.funwithtubes.net Music site: http://www.maxsmusicplace.com To subscribe to the fun with tubes group send an email to, [EMAIL PROTECTED] ----- Original Message ----- From: "Boyce, Ray" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2007 5:04 PM Subject: [BlindHandyMan] How to Solve Drinking Water Problems > If the only problem with your water is grit, dirt, sediment, rust, or > other such particles, a physical filter may be sufficient. Made of fiber, > fabric, > ceramic or other screening media, these simply catch particles--including, > in some cases, small organisms like cysts and some bacteria. Don't rely > upon > them to handle disease-causing organisms, VOCs, metals or the like. > > If your water tastes, smells, or looks bad, a filter containing activated > carbon (AC) may solve the problem. If you want to remove chlorine, > pesticides, > herbicides, radon, trihalomethanes (THMs) and some inorganic chemicals, > carbon may do the trick, too. Some --but not all-- carbon filters are > effective > at reducing lead content. Check the certification of the unit you're > interested in buying and, if claims are made regarding lead removal, be > sure they're > substantiated. > > You can't rely upon a conventional carbon filter to remove salts, > nitrates, nitrites, or some metals. And you shouldn't rely exclusively on > one to remove > organisms. In fact, be aware that a carbon filter will accumulate the > contaminants removed from water and bacteria may even breed in it, so you > must replace > filter cartridges religiously, according to the manufacturer's > recommendations. > > A carbon filter that contains pesticide silver may be registered--but is > not endorsed--by the EPA. Studies show that these are not fully effective > at eliminating > bacterial growth or microbiological contaminants. Again, be sure any such > claims are substantiated. > > Effectiveness of a particular carbon unit is a factor of the amount of > activated carbon it contains. Although you can buy beneath-the-counter, > countertop, > and faucet-mounted styles, the $30 faucet-end models are only marginally > effective. Whole-house systems are also available for $3000 or more. Such > a system, > known as point-of-entry (POE) is recommended for applications where a > contaminant such as radon poses a threat to the entire house. > > If you must remove inorganic chemicals, such as salts, metals (including > lead), minerals, nitrates, asbestos, and some organic chemicals, consider > a reverse-osmosis > (RO) filter. Actually, most models include carbon pre-filters and > post-filters, too, which will catch sediment, pesticides, herbicides, THMs > and radon. > RO filters remove lead, but some don't remove chlorine (if this is > claimed, request proof of performance). The carbon post-filter is used to > improve the > water's taste. Pre- and post-filter cartridges should be replaced yearly. > > Most RO filters are connected directly to plumbing, and are located > beneath the sink. A small tank stores clean water until needed and tainted > water drains > out through a line connected to the sink trap. Drinking water flows > through a special, separate sink-top spout. Some models have an automatic > valve that > eliminates the waste typically associated with RO filters--conventional > models waste about 3 gallons for every gallon of pure water they produce. > They > generally cost upwards of $250. > > If you just want a portable, sink-top appliance that will rid water of > most dissolved solids, such as salts, asbestos fibers, metals, minerals, > particles, > and some organic chemicals maybe an inexpensive distiller is right for > you. Distillers heat water until it turns to steam then condense the steam > back > into water in a separate chamber, leaving behind anything that won't > travel in the steam. Unless coupled with a carbon filter, they will not > remove all > chemical pollutants and all bacteria. Most have to be filled manually, > they use considerable electricity to operate and they may take several > hours to > produce one gallon of water. Though prices range up to $1500, most are > less than $400. > > Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection devices may kill bacteria and viruses, and > clear the taste and odor of water, but they are not effective against > chemical > pollutants and may not work against cysts and spores. Ultraviolet is > sometimes used in combination with carbon filters to kill bacteria. > > * Puratap > Award-winning water purifier for clean, pure drinking tap water. > www.puratap.com.au > * Pure, Safe drinking water > Katadyn-Steripen-Camelbak-Nalgene Hydration, Microfilters, Purifiers > www.gear-up.com > * Water Filter Systems > Find Water Storage System Information & Resources Here! > www.waterstoragesystem.net > * Water Purifiers > Hand made stoneware gravity fed water purifiers. Australian made. > www.southerncrosspottery.com.au > > ********************************************************************** > This message and its attachments may contain legally > privileged or confidential information. 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