Yes, Automake should either detect a ".POSIX:" in the Makefile.am file (at least if it is the first non-comment line) and place it at the beginning of Makefile.in, or provide an option to be used with AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE (or AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS) in order to have a ".POSIX:" at the beginning of Makefile.in.
Ok. I welcome patches for either or both. It's not something I'll be implementing myself any time soon (regrettably). The Makefile.am files of GNU MPFR have a ".POSIX:" target Glad to know it works in practice for you. I'm just surprised that nothing in Automake's make output breaks under POSIX. --thanks, karl.