I get it now. Thanks for your friendly and informative replies. :) Craig
> On Oct 17, 2020, at 7:45 PM, Lawrence Velázquez <v...@larryv.me> wrote: > >> On Oct 17, 2020, at 7:35 PM, Eduardo Bustamante <dual...@gmail.com> wrote: >> >> <(cat file) and $(cat file) are not equivalent constructs. The former will >> expand to a file name (e.g. "/dev/fd/63"), whereas the latter will expand >> to the contents of the file. > > If you want terms you can look up, $(cat file) and $(< file) are > *command substitutions*, while <(cat file) is a *process substitution*. > > $ printf 'FILE CONTENTS' >tmp > $ printf '|%s|\n' "$(cat tmp)" > |FILE CONTENTS| > $ printf '|%s|\n' "$(< tmp)" > |FILE CONTENTS| > $ printf '|%s|\n' "<(cat tmp)" > |<(cat tmp)| > $ printf '|%s|\n' <(cat tmp) > |/dev/fd/63| > > > -- > vq
