diff --git a/tests/rmdir/ignore.sh b/tests/rmdir/ignore.sh
index d000c30cb..5b1142803 100755
--- a/tests/rmdir/ignore.sh
+++ b/tests/rmdir/ignore.sh
@@ -29,4 +29,11 @@ test -d "$cwd/a/x" || fail=1
 test -d "$cwd/a/b" && fail=1
 test -d "$cwd/a/b/c" && fail=1

+# Ensure that with --ignore-fail-on-non-empty, we still fail, e.g., for EPERM.
+# Between 6.11 and 6.31, the following rmdir would mistakenly succeed.
+mkdir -p x/y || framework_failure_
+chmod a-w x || framework_failure_
+rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty x/y && fail=1
+test -d x/y || fail=1
+
 Exit $fail