Bash promises to leave incorrectly-formed brace expressions unchanged, and this is why {} on input yields {} on find's command-line. {} is incorrectly formed since it doesn't contain a sequence expression or a comma. But is the same guarantee provided by other shells that also perform brace expansion?
zsh's brace expansion also produces {} for the input {} but the documentation could be read as if the empty string were also a valid result when the BRACE_CCL option is set.