Problem solved: /Developer consider harmful, at least on Mountain Lion. Removing that and using the compilers installed by XCode in /usr/bin did the trick.
HOWEVER - it seems dubious to me that configure should ignore the environment specification of CXX. I tried the following, where /usr/local/bin/g++ is a 4.8.0 compiler that configure will accept if it appears first on the path (this does not lead to a happy build, it merely demonstrates that the compiler is acceptable to configure): (1) sh ./configure CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ (2) CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ sh ./configure I tried (2) because of ambiguous language from sh ./configure -help: To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables. I understand that environment variable bindings precede the command on the command line, but the instructions did not say this explicitly, so I tried it both ways. I verified that my "sh" is not doing anything non-standard with its environment: bash-3.2$ CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ sh -c printenv | grep CXX CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ In both cases this was the result of the configure: Tools summary: * Boot JDK: ... * C Compiler: i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-gcc-4.2 (GCC) 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5658) (LLVM build) version 2336.11.00) (at /usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-gcc-4.2) * C++ Compiler: i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2 (GCC) 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5658) (LLVM build) version 2336.11.00) (at /usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-g++-4.2) So, bug? David