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Tuesday, August 17, 2004

THE UNWELCOME GIFT OF JAVA

By Tom Yager

Posted August 13, 2004 3:00 PM Pacific Time

Major vendors are getting better at donating source code to the public.
But by and large, companies engage in code charity in safe and limited
ways. They incorporate existing free code into their commercial
products, giving their nonproprietary enhancements -- sometimes along
with equipment, software, and support -- back to the projects that
created the free components. Commercialization creates jobs for hungry
developers as consultants, authors, trainers and, in rare occasions,
employees of the companies that take the code commercial.

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Then there are vendors that open up software, usually vintage code that
has no commercial value. IBM opened its Cloudscape Java DBMS, a move
that's a little late compared to Borland's opening of InterBase and a
little irrelevant next to powerful and widely used open DBMSes such as
MySQL and PostgreSQL, the latter being my current favorite. Computer
Associates' qualified open sourcing of Ingres is, like Cloudscape and
Microsoft's restrictive Shared Source Initiative opening of parts of
.Net and other properties, an apt illustration of how selective
corporate code charity is.

In an atmosphere of grateful acceptance of qualified corporate
generosity, Sun is squirming in a hot seat created by its potential
beneficiaries. Sun wants to give Java to the public. It's the right
thing and there isn't much left to open up. But Sun can't part with
Java's value as a point of prestige, a draw to the company's other
technology and a money-making product in itself. Nor can Sun sanction
the stamping of the Java brand, which Sun and participants in the Java
Community Process busted hump to create and protect, on software that is
potentially incompatible with published specifications. You see, the
majority of Java users won't notice that Java has been made open source.
They'll just expect it to keep working the way it always has. And if an
open source porting project brings Java to a currently neglected
platform, customers will migrate to it with precisely the same
expectations they bring to Java downloaded from Sun. License disclaimers
will not fix that for people who don't read open source licenses.

Free software leaders claim that the community can handle the standards
certification that Sun now performs. That self-enforcement has reaped
mixed results elsewhere. As an example, consider the World Wide Web
Consortium's HTML, CSS, and DOM standards. There are innumerable
freeware standards-compliance test suites for browsers. The ink on the
standards has been dry for years, yet every browser still has its
special set of broken, missing, and incomplete implementations of these
very concise standards. Despite community threats of blacklists and
boycotts to force compliance, no two browsers look alike.

Opening commercial software that has such a huge commercial installed
base has no precedent that I'm aware of. The Java brand isn't just a
logo. It is a contract of trust between Sun and the customers,
individuals, developers, and partners that rely on complete and
consistent implementations across platforms. It took a long time to
build that trust. Sun can't tear that down for political points, and the
free software community can't define the terms of Sun's generosity. If
that's taken too far, Sun will leave the table and take the chair that
vendors looking to donate meaningful, commercially viable code might
have occupied in the future.

Tom Yager is technical director of the InfoWorld Test Center.


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