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Tuesday, September 7, 2004

BETTING LIVES ON COMPUTERS

By Tom Yager

Posted September 03, 2004 3:00 PM Pacific Time

A popular plot device in science fiction has technology that's built to
defend us turn on us instead. For some of us, the implausibility of that
concept makes the story less entertaining. A computer that's programmed
for defense can't "change its mind" and behave in a manner contrary to
its programming. It won't rewrite its code because of a glitch. And what
magical power source do these computers find after they've gone evil on
us? Computers are stupid hunks of tangled wire capable only of doing
exactly what they're told, and when we unplug them, they're not just
dumb. They're dead.

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Savvy movie audiences and novel readers choke on these logical gnats,
but they let pass the camel-size implausibility of the plot line:
Computers will never do squat to protect us. They can't strike or
retaliate; they can't spy; they can't detect or police; they can't
advise or predict or diagnose. Even the most cynical among us sometimes
forget that computers can't analyze. We've twisted the meaning of that
word to remove the requirement of reason.

This would be a windy social commentary but for the incalculable cost of
the technology-centered delusions indulged by the majority and fed to
them by those who know better. We draw a lot of comfort from the belief
that when bad things happen, we keep them from happening again by
reprogramming the computers and the people that failed to spot trouble
the first time.

Sept. 11, 2001, reminded us that our vast network of satellites and
radars can't spot an airplane in broad daylight if its radio is switched
off. Current headlines tell us that the best trained, best equipped, and
most dedicated high-tech military can't pick off one guy with a mortar
or a backpack full of land mines. When CNN reports of laser-guided
missiles wandering off target and teenagers cracking into billion-dollar
computer networks, the audience rolls its collective eyes.

Many day traders lost everything by trusting computers with many times
their net worth, nursing the fantasy that they were in control by
deciding to hold when the computer advised them to buy. Same gnat, same
camel, but here the camel stepped all over the economy. Was the
recession caused by stupid people making big decisions or by smart
people who foolishly believed that computers could do half, or a
quarter, or even 1 percent of their strategizing for them?

I'm not being fatalistic; the simple cure is for IT to say "computers
can't do that." Stock market safeguards, missile shields, the
elimination of spam, effective digital content protection, automated
airport screening, proactive physical security systems, Santa Claus, and
weather prediction have one trait in common: They're all riding camels.

But reality isn't that horrible; technology will make us safer if we
trust it to handle the things it can do on its own. In my view, the only
thing computers could do perfectly, better than any two humans ever
could, is communicate. To get 8 bits from one place to another, a
computer can leap from fiber to copper, from digital to analog, from
short-haul wireless to cellular, from shortwave Morse code to smoke
signals to pony express. Computers won't keep the stock market from
crashing, but they can take "the lines are down" or "she's not
answering" out of the equation when people need to connect.

Tom Yager is technical director of the InfoWorld Test Center.


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