The Ideal Retirement Portfolio:
Good Returns. Little Work. No Worry.
by Michael Masterson
Last week, I told you where to put your money
if (1) if you have less than $100,000 to invest (in Message
#1248), and (2) if you have more than $100,000 but less
than you need to retire (in Message #1249).
Today, I'm going to give you the ultimate
retirement portfolio. And this will be coming from someone
who has already retired . . . twice!
But, first, I'm going to start by saying this:
You SHOULDN'T retire.
Forget about the fantasies you have about
spending your golden years basking in the sun, putting around
a golf course and/or visiting exotic tourist destinations
with your spouse or temporary "playmate." Although
you've had a lot of fun indulging yourself in such activities
before, they won't keep you happy in retirement.
To sustain your personal happiness for any
length of time, you need a sense of purpose. Amusing yourself
is not a purpose.
So whatever you may think you want to do
now, keep this thought in mind: You don't want to retire
from a purpose-driven life.
In fact, there are two very fundamental needs
you need to meet in order to have a successful and enjoyable
retirement:
1. Meaningful work.
2. Sufficient income.
Meaningful work can include the time, energy,
and love you give to your family, your friends, or strangers.
It can include projects you care about and hobbies that
inspire you. It can involve volunteer work or part-time
employment. But what it must include is something only you
can provide -- your heartfelt belief that what you are doing
means something.
Sufficient income depends on your lifestyle.
In previous messages, I've suggested this very simple formula
for deciding how much money you need to retire: Figure out
how much you spend each year to maintain your current lifestyle.
Add to (or subtract from) that number what you'd need (or
not need) to have an enjoyable life in retirement. And multiply
that number by 10.
If you can be happy on a pre-tax income of
$100,000, you'll need a retirement nest egg of $1 million.
If you think you'll need about $300,000 a year (again, pre-tax)
to live your dream life, you'll need about $3 million in
savings.
If you are smart, when you hit that number,
you'll radically change your life so that you can have more
time to enjoy those things that really matter to you.
Let's assume that you are there already. How
should your retirement portfolio be set up?
My recommendation is very simple. I suggest
you have your wealth invested in a combination of:
1. stocks and stock index funds
2. fixed-income instruments
3. managed rental real estate
4. precious metals
5. cash
6. play money
Let's take a look at these, one at a time.
1. Stocks and Stock Index Funds:
As I've pointed out before, you won't need
much money in stocks if you have a reasonable amount in
real estate. On the average, stocks will give you a 10%
return. Real estate should give you more than that.
I will probably never have more than 10% of
my money in equities (of any kind), because I don't get
any enjoyment out of equity investing. But for people who
do like the fun of watching the stocks they pick go up and
down, I believe a 20% commitment is reasonable.
I wouldn't recommend more than that -- even
for a 50- or 60-year-old retiree. Why? Because the stock
market, generally (and individual stocks, especially) is
unpredictable in the short term. And when you are living
out your golden years, everything is short-term.
2. Fixed-Income Instruments:
I like bonds. Even in today's low-yield environment.
Quality bonds give you the peace of mind that you should
be looking for in retirement. I like all sorts of bonds,
but I'm particularly fond of municipal bonds. They are very
safe and offer tax-free income. So a return of 4.5%, for
example, might be worth as much as 7% if you are in a top
tax bracket.
The thing I like best about bonds is how simple
they are. If you hold them till they mature, as I do, they
are the perfect, zero-hassle, zero-worry investment. You
know what return you are getting when you buy them . . .
and that's the end of it.
Bond funds are a good alternative if you want
to diversify a bit. Like individual bonds, they can give
you a fixed rate of return, simplicity, and peace of mind.
What percentage of your retirement portfolio
should be in bonds? If you have enough money to live well
off a yield of, say, 4.5% or 5% after taxes, you can have
most of your money in bonds. My closest financial adviser,
Sid, has all his retirement funds in bonds.
Chances are, you will need to earn a higher
return. If so, I recommend allocating between 40% and 50%
of your funds to bonds.
3. Managed Rental Real Estate:
Rental real estate can offer some very impressive
rates of return -- depending on how you measure them.
A $75,000 investment in a triplex 10 years
ago in my hometown in South Florida would be worth about
$300,000 today. With a net rental yield of about $20,000
a year (after property taxes, upkeep, and management fees),
that investment is earning either 27% or 7.5%, depending
on whether you calculate from the original investment or
the appreciated value.
In a case like this, you might be better off
selling the property and investing the money in bonds. If
you could get a 5% return and were in the highest tax bracket,
your effective yield would be 7.5% or better. (These are
very rough calculations. I'm not taking into account depreciation,
continuing appreciation, other write-offs, etc.)
But most of the real estate deals I bought
seven to 15 years ago are producing rental yields of between
10% and 15% of their current (admittedly conservative) estimated
value. That higher yield, combined with the continuing appreciation
of property in general, is why I recommend a 20% to 40%
commitment to managed rental real estate.
4. Precious Metals:
I'm not a gold bug, but I do like the idea
of having some bullion (see "Word to the Wise,"
below) hidden in a safety deposit box in case of emergency.
I don't think you need a ton of gold -- I'm not that worried
about what the future might bring -- but I do think having
between 2% and 5% of your investable net worth in gold is
a sensible approach.
5. Cash:
We all need some cash "just in case."
I recommend a sum that's equal to about three months' worth
of what you typically spend.
6. Play Money:
Retirement is supposed to be fun. And some
fun -- not the best kind of fun, but some fun -- costs money.
I'm not talking about money that you spend on golf and vacations.
Your general retirement funds are supposed to take care
of that. I'm talking about the fun of trying new businesses
or converting passions or hobbies into profit centers.
If you are good and lucky, you'll have fun
and make some money. But if you don't make money with this
portion of your portfolio, that's OK too.
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