Sepsis can strike, kill shockingly fast

<http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/01/29/ep.sepsis.infection/index.html?eref=rss_latest>http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/01/29/ep.sepsis.infection/index.html?eref=rss_latest
 


Story Highlights
    * Brazilian model Mariana Bridi da Costa, 20, died after sepsis 
infection spread
    * Sepsis starts as infection in one part of body, but sometimes 
rages out of control
    * With treatment, about 75 percent of sepsis patients survive
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By Elizabeth Cohen
CNN Medical Correspondent

(CNN) -- One look at her photo, and you can't help but ask: How could 
someone so young and vibrant die so quickly from an infection?
Brazilian model Mariana Bridi da Costa died from a sepsis infec


Brazilian model Mariana Bridi da Costa died from a sepsis infection.
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Brazilian model Mariana Bridi da Costa was a healthy 20-year-old when 
doctors told her she had a urinary tract infection, her family says. 
The infection spread, and after amputating her feet, doctors thought 
they had the situation under control, according to a blog run by a 
family friend.

"She's alive, [she] will survive," Renato Lindgren wrote on the blog 
on January 20. "She can eat well, visit the sea, swim, travel, talk 
with her friends and family, marry and have a baby. She has a full 
and beautiful life ahead."

Four days later, da Costa was dead.

Sepsis -- the body's inflammatory response to an infection -- really 
can kill that quickly, according to Dr. Kevin Tracey, author of a 
book about sepsis called "Fatal Sequence: The Killer Within."

"This isn't a one in a million case," says Tracey, chief executive 
officer of the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research in Manhasset, 
New York. "When an infection reaches a certain point, this can happen 
in a matter of hours."

Sepsis usually starts out as an infection in just one part of the 
body, such as a skin wound or a urinary tract infection, Tracey says. 
For example, Muppets creator Jim Henson died in 1990 from a case of 
sepsis that started out as pneumonia, an inflammation of the lungs. He was 53.

Most of the time, simple, localized infections remain just that: easy 
to treat and in one part of the body. Why some infections rage out of 
control and shut down vital organs is a mystery, but experts say it 
rarely happens in young, healthy people, like da Costa.

"You can ask, 'Why her?' but really no one knows why her," Tracey 
says. "It might have something to do with her immune system. It might 
be about her genetics."

The Mayo Clinic sees about 100 cases a year of young, healthy people 
who develop sepsis, says Dr. Priya Sampathkumar, an infectious 
disease specialist at Mayo. With treatment, which usually involves 
antibiotics and sometimes draining of the wound, about 75 percent survive.

Sampathkumar says the key is to keep an eye on even such simple 
infections as a small skin wound. A fever, a dramatic shift in blood 
pressure, rapid breathing and extreme confusion are all signs that 
someone needs quick medical help, she says.

"You need to watch it," she says.


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Dr. Carl Flatley said he had no idea what to watch for when his 
23-year-old daughter, Erin, developed sepsis in 2002. He says she 
went into the hospital for a minor hemorrhoid procedure and five days 
later was dead from sepsis. "It's a horrible death," he says.

Two years later, knowing the signs of sepsis saved his own life, says 
Flatley, a dentist in Dunedin, Florida. He fell ill, and an emergency 
room doctor said he had a urinary tract infection and sent him home.

But Flatley said he suspected it was much more than a UTI. "I felt 
very sick. My testicle was sore. I told him I was concerned I had 
sepsis and I refused to go home. He got very irritated with me," 
Flatley says. But in the end, Flatley was admitted to the hospital, 
where the infection had become so severe that doctors were forced to 
remove his right testicle.

Flatley started The Sepsis Alliance to educate others about sepsis, 
where he tries to walk a fine line. "You don't want to panic people. 
We all get infections and, thank God, most of them heal," he says. 
"So this is what I tell people: If you're feeling bad all over and 
have a high temperature and either high or low blood pressure, those 
are all indications that your whole system has been infected. It 
could be sepsis."

He advises getting medical help immediately, and to specifically 
mention that you're concerned you might have sepsis. "You don't want 
to take any chances," he says.


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