BPA lingers in body, study finds

<http://www.jsonline.com/watchdog/watchdogreports/38515489.html>http://www.jsonline.com/watchdog/watchdogreports/38515489.html
 



Researchers note sources unrelated to food

By <mailto:[email protected]>Susanne Rust of the Journal Sentinel

Posted: Jan. 28, 2009
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Warning: Chemicals in the packaging, surfaces or contents of many 
products may cause long-term health effects, including cancers of the 
breast, brain and testicles; lowered sperm counts, early puberty and 
other reproductive system defects; diabetes; attention deficit 
disorder, asthma and autism. A decade ago, the government promised to 
test these chemicals. It still hasn't.

A study released today finds that bisphenol A, a chemical widely used 
to make plastic and suspected of causing cancer, stays in the body 
much longer than previously thought.

The findings are significant because the longer the chemical lingers 
in the body, the greater chance it has of doing harm, scientists say.

Researchers from the University of Rochester in New York also say the 
chemical may get into the body from sources such as plastic water 
pipes or dust from carbonless paper and not only from food containers 
that leach the chemical when heated.

The study results, published today in Environmental Health 
Perspectives, have sparked a flurry of concern and renewed calls for 
regulation.

"The study reinforces the urgent need for stricter government 
oversight and regulation of this extremely toxic chemical," said 
Janet Nudelman, director of program and policy at the Breast Cancer 
Fund, a health advocacy group. "It adds to what we already know about 
BPA, a chemical so powerful that at extremely low levels - parts per 
billion or even parts per trillion - it can cross the placenta and 
alter the mammary gland of the developing fetus, increasing breast 
cancer risk later in life."

BPA, used to make baby bottles, dental sealants, food storage 
containers and thousands of other household products, was found in 
93% of Americans tested.

The new study, conducted by Richard Stahlhut at the University of 
Rochester, used data on humans collected by the U.S. Centers for 
Disease Control and Prevention. Researchers looked at urine samples 
of 1,469 U.S. adults. They compared the levels of BPA based on how 
long the subjects had fasted.


Risk disputed

The American Chemistry Council, which represents makers of BPA, 
maintains that the chemical is safe for all uses. Steven Hentges, 
spokesman for the trade group, dismissed the study as inherently limited.

"The authors' conclusions are, at best, speculation," Hentges said. 
"Low levels of BPA found in the data are not a risk to human health."

BPA has been linked to spikes in breast cancer, diabetes and heart 
disease, even at very low levels. It has also been found to interfere 
with chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

The Journal Sentinel had 10 household products tested and found toxic 
levels of BPA leaching from all of them.

Canada declared BPA to be a toxin and banned its use in baby bottles 
last year. In the United States, 14 states are considering similar action.

Federal regulators have been divided on the issue.

A group of scientists from the National Toxicology Program expressed 
some concern last year about the chemical for infants and children. 
But the Food and Drug Administration has said BPA is safe for all use.

The newspaper found federal regulators favored industry-financed 
studies in their assessments. Entire sections of the FDA's assessment 
contained identical language to reports written on behalf of 
chemical-makers or others with a financial stake in BPA.

The FDA safety assessment relied on two studies, both paid for by 
chemical-makers, and ignored hundreds of independent studies that 
found the chemical to cause harm in laboratory animals.

The FDA's own science advisory board has recommended that the FDA 
reconsider its ruling. FDA administrators have promised to study the 
matter further but so far have stood by their assessment.

Stahlhut's study is likely to reignite concerns about the chemical's safety.

"This is bound to shake things up," Stahlhut said. "It is saying that 
our risk assessments are wrong. Things we thought we knew aren't 
necessarily so."


More exposure

The research indicates for the first time that people are either 
constantly being bombarded with bisphenol A from non-food sources, 
such as receipts and plastic water piping, or they are storing the 
chemical in fat cells, unable to get rid of it as quickly as 
scientists have believed.

"It provides evidence that we are being exposed to more BPA than we 
think - and that contaminated food and beverages may not even be the 
main source" of our BPA exposure, said Patricia Hunt, a professor at 
Washington State University who pioneered studies linking BPA to 
cancer. "Scary, huh?"

Scientists previously thought that BPA metabolized quickly, with half 
the concentration eliminated between four and six hours and all of it 
gone by 24 hours. Instead, Stahlhut, Shanna Swan, also of Rochester, 
and Wade Welshons of the University of Missouri-Columbia found that 
the levels dropped but then leveled off after eight hours - and never 
disappeared.

"They hang in there like a London fog," Stahlhut said.

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