Thanks for the info, Kevin. It was a bit frustrating to label all the photos 
“adult, sex unknown” when there were clearly (at least) 2 different birds, and 
it seemed a good bet that there was (at least) 1 of each sex. But so be it. 

- - Dave Nutter

> On Jul 6, 2023, at 7:42 PM, Kevin J. McGowan <k...@cornell.edu> wrote:
> 
> No, and no. :^(
>  
> The sexes in Red-headed Woodpeckers are not distinguishable by plumage. The 
> difference in staining could very well be the consequence of one bird being 
> in the nest cavity more than the other, but it is usually the male that does 
> more incubation and brooding than the female, as in most(?) woodpeckers.
>  
> Described copulation displays, fide Birds of the World, do not indicate any 
> nape-grabbing like waterfowl or cats. Instead, there seems to be switching of 
> who’s on top, and back and forth, and other moves. So, I would say feather 
> loss on the back of the head is due to something else, like earlier onset of 
> molt than the other bird, or something.
>  
> Best,
>  
> Kevin
>  
>  
> From: bounce-127549365-3493...@list.cornell.edu 
> <bounce-127549365-3493...@list.cornell.edu> On Behalf Of Dave Nutter
> Sent: Thursday, July 6, 2023 4:51 PM
> To: CAYUGABIRDS-L <cayugabird...@list.cornell.edu>
> Subject: [cayugabirds-l] Red-headed Woodpeckers
>  
> This morning I biked up to the east edge of the Town of Ithaca on a 
> successful quest to see the Red-headed Woodpeckers whose nest with young was 
> located by Tom Schulenberg over 2 1/2 weeks ago. I was able to scope and 
> photograph through a small gap in foliage at a respectful enough distance 
> that: the adults came to the nest hole several times to feed one or more 
> unseen nestlings; one adult went entirely inside the cavity at least twice; 
> for awhile in between feedings a large nestling peered out of the cavity, 
> appearing well-feathered on its head and seeming large enough to be ready to 
> fledge soon. The feedings were frequent enough that I think the adults were 
> only feeding at the cavity, but once I located the cavity, I was not looking 
> around to see if they were also feeding any fledglings. Tom has noted plumage 
> differences between the two adults when they visit his feeders. I noticed 
> that one of the adults appeared immaculate, with bright white secondaries and 
> a solid crimson crown. The other adult had a slight rusty tinge on the 
> secondaries, several brown stains on the lower breast plumage, and a patch of 
> feathers apparently missing from the rear of its crown; this was the adult 
> who went inside the cavity each of the two times I was able to tell. 
>  
> My question, for those of you more knowledgeable or research-oriented, is 
> this: Does the difference in plumage I noticed indicate who is which sex? For 
> instance, does the female spend a lot more time in the nest cavity than the 
> male, thus become more likely to get stained? Does missing feathers on the 
> back of the head indicate a female? That is, do mating male woodpeckers grab 
> the back of the head of females, similar to mating ducks? Or is this patch of 
> apparent missing feathers due to something else? 
>  
> A link to my eBird checklist, with photos, is below.
>  
> - - Dave Nutter
>  
> - Checklist: https://ebird.org/checklist/S143727178
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