Hi all,

Im wondering about occupancy refinements - both what's going on under the hood 
and what are best practices.

In the example I have, there is a ligand found in two distinct, partially 
overlapping sites that can be modeled is some confidence, but likely there are 
very low occupancy additional poses that blurs the electron density. The 
modeled poses are known from prior work, so even though there is smearing we 
know the ligand is in the modeled conformation. After perturbing the crystal 
these I am trying to decide what the best approach is to get some sort of 
numerical occupancy value to describe the distribution.

1.  In Phenix, how is the occupancy number determined? Is there a real-space 
correlation between the experimental density and the model(weighted to occ) 
that is optimized?  How can this go wrong?  I fear that the smearing and 
heterogenous nature will through the refinement off (over or underfitting to 
periphery density rather than hyper-localized position of the model)

2.  Are there errors associated with the occupancy numbers?

3.  For my own testing, I did 5% increments and manually observed Fo-Fc and 
2Fo-Fc maps and selected a value that resulted in the lowest amount of both 
positive and negative Fo-Fc peaks.  This is how we submitted the work to 
journal but reviewer wants it to be automatically calculated.  Is my approacg 
problematic besides the subjective nature of me determining what is a minimized 
peaks?  Is this less so reliable to automated fitting?  Will this really make a 
difference?  To be most honest, how should I let phenix approximate these 
values?  Set B-factor to average protein b?  Refine both simultaneously?  Or?

Any insight would be appreciated.
Matt

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