On 01/23/2019 08:20 PM, ED SHARPE via cctalk wrote:
I learn something  new  then... when   was  palladium used?   was it  around in 
 the  2100  hp  days or  was this   used  later?   and  I had not heard of  it?

If palladium was used, it was in VANISHINGLY small quantities. Many circuit boards use palladium to seed the plating in the plated-through holes. But, the amounts there are in the micrograms for a whole board. I suspect if palladium was used in multilayer caps that it was used for the same purpose, a wash over the surface of the capacitor material, allow it to dry and then electroplate with the desired electrode material. They'd probably use a couple milligrams at most on each layer of a capacitor sheet, which would eventually be cut up into hundreds of thousands of caps. Some high-value MLCs can have 20 layers or so, so that would be milligrams * 20 / 100,000. Not a hell of a lot of palladium would be in an entire board full of them.

Jon

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