That is a good point. forestry_and_agricultural_products is good.
On Fri, Dec 2, 2016 at 9:31 AM, Elena Shevliakova <[email protected]> wrote: > Alison et al, > I think to make categories consistent in terms of anthropogenic categories > you may want to change it to > > forestry_and_agricultural_products or logging_and_agricultural_products. > > wood and agricultural are not the same type of categories > Lena > ------------------------------ > *From:* David Lawrence [[email protected]] > *Sent:* Friday, December 02, 2016 8:51 AM > *To:* Alison Pamment > *Cc:* Jonathan Gregory; Elena Shevliakova; [email protected] > *Subject:* Re: [CF-metadata] New LUMIP variables > > Hi Alison, > > My responses are below, but they mostly consist of "yes, I agree." > > On Thu, Dec 1, 2016 at 4:00 PM, <[email protected]> wrote: > >> Dear Dave and Jonathan, >> >> Thank you for the discussion of the product names and I see that we have >> now settled on wood_and_agricultural_products, which I agree is easier >> to understand for the non-expert. This same terminology will also need to >> be adopted for C4MIP so that we have a consistent approach for all the >> names. >> >> Following on from our earlier discussion (http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/p >> ipermail/cf-metadata/2016/059101.html) I have updated all the LUMIP >> names and definitions as detailed below. The majority of LUMIP names are >> now either agreed or very close to agreement. Dave, please could you check >> through the list once more and let me know if anything else needs changing >> for proposals 1 - 6. I do still have some outstanding questions regarding >> proposals 7 and 8. >> >> > > 1. moisture_content_of_soil_layer (canonical units: kg m-2) >> > > 'Moisture in top 10 cm of soil column of land use tile.' >> > > >> > > soil_moisture_content (canonical units: kg m-2) >> > > 'Total soil moisture'. >> > > >> > > Jonathan is correct that these two names already exist. However, the >> reason I suggested raising them on the mailing list is that I think we >> should improve the wording of >> > > the existing names by changing them to >> > > mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer >> and soil_mass_content_of_water respectively. This would make the syntax of >> the soil >> > > names more consistent with other existing names such as >> atmosphere_mass_content_of_water and >> mass_content_of_water_vapor_in_atmosphere_layer, >> for example. >> > > There are also existing soil names that refer to "frozen_water" and >> "condensed_water" rather than "moisture" so I think it would be sensible to >> standardize the >> > > terminology used across all the names. The soil names could continue >> to use their existing definitions as follows: >> > > >> > > mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer (kg m-2) >> > > ' "Water" means water in all phases. "Content" indicates a quantity >> per unit area. "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that >> have constant values in >> > > some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate >> variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model >> layers, the vertical coordinate can be >> > > model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical >> coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. >> Quantities defined for a soil layer must >> > > have a vertical coordinate variable with boundaries indicating the >> extent of the layer(s).' >> > > >> > > soil_mass_content_of_water (kg m-2) >> > > ' "Water" means water in all phases. "Content" indicates a quantity >> per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical >> integral from the surface down to >> > > the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified >> levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are >> used.' >> > > >> > > Is this OK? If so, I think these names can be accepted for inclusion >> in the standard name table (the older versions of the names would be >> retained as aliases). >> > > >> > This is fine with me. Presumably this will affect not only LUMIP >> variable request but that of other MIPs like LS3MIP. But, main thing is >> getting a consistent naming >> > convention and this seems good. >> >> Following discussion with Jonathan it was agreed to change the order of >> the words in the second name as follows: >> mass_content_of_water_in_soil (kg m-2) >> ' "Water" means water in all phases. "Content" indicates a quantity per >> unit area. The mass content of water in soil refers to the vertical >> integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the >> content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including >> "content_of_soil_layer" are used.' >> >> Any changes to these names will affect all CF users. I will make sure >> that the LS3MIP team are aware of the change. The old versions of the names >> will be retained in the standard name table as aliases which means that any >> data already written with those names will not be invalidated. However, >> data written in the future should use the most up to date version of the >> names. >> >> These changes are accepted for publication in the standard name table and >> will be added at the next update, scheduled for December 13th. >> >> > > 2. surface_downward_mass_flux_of_water_due_to_crop_irrigation >> (canonical_units: kg m-2) >> > > 'cropland irrigation flux' >> > > >> > > I think the name and units are fine. We need to expand the definition >> and based on text used for existing names I would suggest: >> > > ' "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when >> directed downward (negative upward). The surface called "surface" means the >> lower boundary of the >> > > atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical >> disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in >> physics. The specification of a physical >> > > process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named >> is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general >> quantity named by >> > > omitting the phrase.' >> > > >> > > Is this OK? I am wondering if this name refers to any particular >> definition of 'crop', for example, arable crops, fruit trees, trees grown >> for timber, or perhaps all of the >> > > above? It would be useful to add that into the text too. >> > > >> > I would suggest changing to (note the unit change as well as name >> change), removing the term crop to be more general. >> > >> > surface_downward_mass_flux_of_water_due_to_irrigation >> (canonical_units: kg m-2 s-1 or kg s-1) >> > The description would then be: Irrigation flux including any >> irrigation for crops, trees, pasture, or urban lawns. >> > As with other flux variables, is the per unit area implied since this >> is a flux term? >> >> Yes, flux always does imply per unit area in standard names so the units >> should be kg m-2 s-1 as you say. The name looks fine. So then we would have: >> surface_downward_mass_flux_of_water_due_to_irrigation (canonical_units: >> kg m-2 s-1) >> ' "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed >> downward (negative upward). The surface called "surface" means the lower >> boundary of the >> atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, >> "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The >> specification of a physical >> process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is >> a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity >> named by omitting >> the phrase. "Irrigation" includes water used to sustain crops, trees, >> pastures and urban lawns.' >> >> OK? >> > > Yes, this is ok. The only issue is that I get confused about whether or > not m-2 should be in the units or not. For other variables (e.g. the > carbon mass flux variables listed below), you remove the m-2 because it is > implied by the term flux, but you have included it here for this variable. > >> >> > > 3. >> > > surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux_due_to_anthropogenic_energy_consumption >> (canonical units: W m-2) >> > > ' anthropogenic heat flux' >> > > >> > > I note that after discussion with Jonathan, Dave has agreed that the >> name should be more general, i.e., it is not only a sensible heat flux and >> the proposal is now >> > > surface_upward_heat_flux_due_to_anthropogenic_energy_consumption >> (Wm-2). >> > > >> > > That name and the units are fine, so now we need a definition. Based >> on the definitions of existing names we would have the following: >> > > 'The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the >> atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when >> directed upward (negative >> > > downward). The vertical heat flux in air is the sum of all heat >> fluxes i.e. radiative, latent and sensible. In accordance with common usage >> in geophysical disciplines, "flux" >> > > implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The >> specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means >> that the quantity named is a single >> > > term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity >> named by omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or >> created by human >> > > activity.' >> > > >> > > Does 'anthropogenic_energy_consumption' mean all anthropogenic >> processes, e.g., domestic, industrial, transport, agriculture, and so on? >> It would make the definition >> > > (and hence the name) more useful if we can say something about which >> processes are included or excluded. >> > > >> > Anthropogenic heat flux generated from non-renewable human primary >> energy consumption, including energy use by vehicles, commercial and >> residential buildings, >> > industry, and power plants. Primary energy refers to energy in natural >> resources, fossil and nonfossil, before conversion into other forms, such >> as electricity. >> >> Thank you for supplying the definition. So, in full, we have: >> surface_upward_heat_flux_due_to_anthropogenic_energy_consumption >> (canonical units: W m-2) >> 'The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. >> "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed >> upward (negative downward). The vertical heat flux in air is the sum of all >> heat fluxes i.e. radiative, latent and sensible. In accordance with common >> usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called >> "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the >> phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in >> a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by >> omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or created >> by human activity. The heat flux due to anthropogenic energy consumption >> results from non-renewable human primary energy consumption, including >> energy use by vehicles, commercial and residential buildings, industry, and >> power plants. Primary energy refers to energy in natural resources, fossil >> and non-fossil, before conversion into other forms, such as electricity.' >> >> OK? >> > > Yes. > >> >> > > 4. tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_due_to_emissio >> n_from_anthropogenic_product_pool (canonical units: kg s-1) >> > > ' flux from anthropogenic pools on land use tile into atmosphere' >> >> Following the discussion on product names, this proposal has now become: >> tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expres >> sed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_wood_and_agricultural_products >> (canonical units: kg s-1) >> ' "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase >> "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a >> chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the >> standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, >> neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for >> carbon dioxide is CO2. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The >> "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the >> surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified >> levels in the atmosphere, standard names including >> "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The specification of a physical >> process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a >> single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity >> named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary >> source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower >> boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). "Emission" is a process entirely >> distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. Examples >> of "wood and agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber >> for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models >> that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that >> represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual >> release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in >> landfill sites. >> >> OK? >> > > Yes. > > >> >> For consistency with this discussion, the existing standard name >> carbon_content_of_products_of_anthropogenic_land_use_change will be made >> into an alias. The new version of the name will then be: >> carbon_content_of_wood_and_agricultural_products (kg m-2) >> ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. Examples of "wood and >> agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for >> construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that >> simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent >> these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release >> into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill >> sites.' >> >> OK? >> >> Yes. > > >> > > 5. >> > > carbon_mass_flux_into_anthropogenic_product_pools_due_to_land_use_land_cover_change >> (canonical units: kg s-1) >> > > 'carbon harvested due to land-use or land-cover change process that >> enters anthropogenic product pools on tile' >> >> Following the discussion on product names, and the discussion about >> anthropogenic land use or land cover change (see proposal 7 below), this >> proposal has now become: >> mass_flux_of_carbon_into_wood_and_agricultural_products_due_ >> to_anthropogenic_land_use_or_land_cover_change (canonical units: kg s-1) >> 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" >> implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification >> of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the >> quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose >> the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means >> influenced, caused, or created by human activity. Examples of "wood and >> agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for >> construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that >> simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent >> these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release >> into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill >> sites.' >> >> OK? >> >> > Yes. > > >> > > 6. >> > > carbon_mass_flux_into_soil_or_litter_pools_due_to_land_use_land_cover_change >> (canonical_units: kg s-1) >> > > 'carbon transferred to soil or litter pools due to land-use or >> land-cover change processes on tile' >> > > >> > > As with the previous proposal, is it correct to refer simply to >> 'carbon' rather than carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon? Dave and >> Jonathan agreed that we should refer to >> > > 'land_use_or_land_cover_change. Perhaps the name should say >> soil_and_litter, rather than soil_or_litter because presumably the carbon >> is going into both pools? Also, >> > > existing names refer simply to 'soil' and/or 'litter' without using >> the word 'pool', so I think we should leave that word out for consistency. >> > > >> > > So then the name would be: >> > > carbon_mass_flux_into_soil_and_litter_due_to_land_use_or_land_cover_change >> (kg s-1) >> > > 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" >> implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Litter" is dead >> plant material in or above the >> > > soil. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" >> process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms >> which together compose >> > > the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.' >> > > >> > > OK? >> > > >> > It is more appropriate to refer to 'carbon' rather than >> 'carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon'. Leaving out the word pool is >> fine. Changing to soil and litter is fine. >> >> Thanks for clarifying. Following the discussion about anthropogenic land >> use or land cover change (see proposal 7 below) I have added >> 'anthropogenic' into this name, so we now have: >> carbon_mass_flux_into_soil_and_litter_due_to_anthropogenic_land_use_or_land_cover_change >> (kg s-1) >> 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" >> implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Litter" is dead >> plant material in or above the soil. The specification of a physical >> process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a >> single term in a sum of terms which together compose >> the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means >> influenced, caused, or created by human activity.' >> >> OK? >> > > Yes. > > >> >> > > 7. >> > > carbon_mass_flux_direct_to_atmosphere_due_to_land_use_land_cover_change >> (canonical units: kg s1) >> > > 'carbon transferred directly to atmosphere due to any land-use or >> land-cover change activities including deforestation or agricultural fire' >> > > >> > > Jonathan suggested that this name would be better expressed as >> > > surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carb >> on_due_to_land_use_or_land_cover_change for consistency with other >> surface flux names and Dave >> > > agreed with this change. For the definition, I note that agricultural >> fires are included but what about natural ones? Do all these >> 'land_use_or_land_cover_change' names >> > > really refer to anthropogenic changes rather than natural ones? If >> so, we should really say 'anthropogenic_land_use_or_land_cover_change' >> in all of them. >> > > >> > Natural fire or natural land cover change due to shifts in vegetation >> biogeography should not be included. Generally, the term land-use and >> land-cover change implies >> > anthropogenic, but to be more explicit, it would be appropriate to add >> 'anthropogenic' in front of land-use and land-cover change. >> >> Thanks for clarifying. I think it is useful to be explicit about which >> processes are natural and which are anthropogenic. Looking back through the >> standard name table, I now see that we have some existing names that refer >> to anthropogenic_land_use_change which I think were proposed for CMIP5. The >> definitions of these names all say '"Anthropogenic land use change" means >> human changes to land, excluding forest regrowth. It includes fires ignited >> by humans for the purpose of land use change and the processes of eventual >> disposal and decomposition of wood products such as paper, cardboard, >> furniture and timber for construction.' Does all of that apply to this name? >> >> Yes. > > >> > > 8. change_over_time_in_area_fraction (canonical units: 1) >> > > 'annual gross fraction of land use tile that was transferred into >> other land use tiles' >> > > >> > > Jonathan suggested that this quantity could be described as >> tendency_of_area_fraction (canonical unit: s-1) and that units of yr-1 >> could be used in the data files. Dave >> > > agreed that this would be an acceptable approach. >> > > >> > > Thus the name, units and definition would be: >> > > tendency_of_area_fraction (s-1) >> > > ' "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. >> "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. >> Annual gross fraction of land use tile > > that was transferred into other >> land use tiles.' >> > > >> > > OK? If so, I think this one can be accepted for inclusion in the >> standard name table. >> > Note that we want to track two variables separately, which we >> originally labeled something like: >> > tendency_of_area_fraction_transitioned_out_of_land_use_tile (s-1) >> > annual gross fraction that was transferred out of this tile to other >> land use tiles >> > >> > tendency_of_area_fraction_transitioned_into_land_use_tile (s-1) >> > annual gross fraction that was transferred into this tile from other >> land use tiles >> > The goal here is to be able to track the gross transitions. In >> principle, for example, in a grid cell you could have 50% >> primary_and_secondary_land and 50% cropland and >> > then transfer all of the primary_and_secondary_land to cropland and all >> of the cropland to primary_and_secondary_land giving a net change of zero >> but a gross change of >> > 50% in either direction. We want to be able to track the gross change >> so we need to know both what is being transferred out and transferred in >> for each land use tile. >> >> Thank you for explaining more about your use case - I hadn't understood >> it properly before. I think, on balance, the best way to handle this is to >> go back to your original idea of using two standard names to make the >> meaning as clear as possible. I think Jonathan's suggestion of having >> canonical units of s-1 is still a good one, because you can then use year-1 >> in your data files. For gross changes I think we need to be clear about the >> sign convention in the name itself, hence the following suggestions. >> >> gross_rate_of_increase_in_area_fraction (s-1) >> The "rate of increase in area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell >> that transitions to a given area type per unit time, for example, as a >> result of land use changes. The quantity described by this standard name is >> a gross increase because it includes only land where the use transitions to >> the given area type and excludes land that transitions away from that area >> type during the same period. The area type should be specified using a >> coordinate or scalar coordinate variable with standard name area_type. >> There is also a standard name for gross_rate_of_decrease_in_area >> _fraction. >> >> gross_rate_of_decrease_in_area_fraction (s-1) >> The "gross rate of decrease in area fraction" is the fraction of a grid >> cell that transitions from a given area type per unit time, for example, as >> a result of land use changes. The quantity described by this standard name >> is a gross decrease because it includes only land where the use transitions >> away from the given area type and excludes land that transitions to that >> area type during the same period. The area type should be specified using a >> coordinate of scalar coordinate variable with standard name area_type. >> There is also a standard name for gross_rate_of_increase_in_area >> _fraction. >> >> Does that sound better? >> > > Yes. I like this suggestion. > >> >> Best wishes, >> Alison >> >> ------ >> Alison Pamment Tel: +44 >> 1235 778065 >> Centre for Environmental Data Analysis Email: >> [email protected] >> STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory >> R25, 2.22 >> Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, U.K. >> >> >
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