Dear Chris, All, I am proposing these standard names on behalf of Chris Jones. They are needed for the CMIP6 C4MIP experiment.
I am sure that Chris will comment on the names and definitions in due course and other comments and suggestions for improvement are always welcome. Chris, you will see that some of the names have evolved again from the versions in our offlist discussion. This is partly due to the fact that I understand the quantities better now - thank you for providing information for the definitions - and partly because I have modified some of them to be more consistent with existing names. Please have a look through the proposals and let me know if you are happy with them. 1. (CMIP6 short name fCLandToOcean) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_sea_water_from_rivers (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.' 2. (CMIP6 short name fCFireNat) surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_fires (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some s tandard names. "Natural fires" means burning of biomass, whether living or dead, excluding fires ignited by humans, e.g. for agricultural purposes. The quantity with standard name surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_fires is the sum of the quantities with standard names surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_vegetation_fires and surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_litter_fires.' 3. (CMIP6 short name fCFire) surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_fires (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some s tandard names. The term "fires" means all biomass fires, whether naturally occurring or ignited by humans.' 4. (CMIP6 short name fCVegFire) surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_vegetation_fires (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. The quantity with standard name surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide _expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_fires is the sum of the quantities with standard names surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_vegetation_fires and surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_litter_fires.' 5. (CMIP6 short name fCLitterFire) surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_litter_fires (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The quantity with standard name surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed _as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_fires is the sum of the quantities with standard names surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_vegetation_fires and surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_litter_fires.' 6. (CMIP6 short name fCVegLitterSenescence) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_litter_from_vegetation_due_to_senescence (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The term "senescence" means loss of living biomass excluding plant death, e.g. leaf drop and other seasonal effects. The term refers to changes in the whole plant and is not confined only to leaf drop.' 7. (CMIP6 short name fCVegLitterMortality) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_litter_from_vegetation_due_to_mortality (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The term "mortality" means the loss of living biomass due to plant death. It refers to the death of the whole plant, not only the leaves.' 8. (CMIP6 short name fCVegSoilSenescence) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_soil_from_vegetation_due_to_senescence (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The term "senescence" means loss of living biomass excluding plant death, e.g. leaf drop and other seasonal effects. The term refers to changes in the whole plant and is not confined only to leaf drop.' 9. (CMIP6 short name fCVegSoilMortality) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_soil_from_vegetation_due_to_mortality (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The term "mortality" means the loss of living biomass due to plant death. It refers to the death of the whole plant, not only the leaves.' 10. (CMIP6 short name fCleach) mass_flux_of_carbon_into_rivers_from_soil_due_to_leaching_and_runoff (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Leaching" means the loss of water soluble chemical species from soil. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage.' I have described this as a mass flux into rivers as I assume that is where the runoff will eventually go. Is that okay? 11. (CMIP6 short name fCAnthDisturb) I see now that this quantity and those in 12 - 14 below look like ones I have already added to the standard name table for the CMIP6 LUMIP experiment. Please check that they meet your needs, and assuming they do, please use the existing names. Existing name: surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_anthropogenic_land_use_or_land_cover_change (kg m-2 s-1) 'The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or created by human activity. "Anthropogenic land use change" means human changes to land, excluding forest regrowth. It in cludes fires ignited by humans for the purpose of land use change and the processes of eventual disposal and decomposition of wood products such as paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction.' Okay? 12. (CMIP6 short name fCProductDecomp) Existing name: tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_forestry_and_agricultural_products (kg m-2 s-1) ' "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. Examples of "forestry and agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites.' Okay? 13. (CMIP6 short name fDeforestToProduct) Existing name: carbon_mass_flux_into_forestry_and_agricultural_products_due_to_anthropogenic_land_use_or_land_cover_change (kg m-2 s-1) 'In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or created by human activity. Examples of "forestry and agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. "Anthropogenic land use change" means human changes to land, excluding forest regrowth. It includes fires ignited by humans for the purpose of land use change and the processes of eventual disp osal and decomposition of wood products such as paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction.' N.B. Alias this to mass_flux_of_carbon... for more consistent syntax (introducing alias won't be a problem for LUMIP) Okay? 14. (CMIP6 short name fCHarvestToProduct) Existing name: surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_crop_harvesting (kg m-2 s-1) ' "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is u sed in some standard names. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2.' Okay? 15. (CMIP6 short name c14Veg) vegetation_mass_content_of_14C (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "C" means the element carbon and "14C" is the radioactive isotope "carbon-14", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.' I have changed from writing the isotope name as carbon14 to 14C to be consistent with the large number of radioactive isotope names that were added to the standard name table last week. In the discussion of those names we agreed to use the chemical symbol for the element and have mixed case standard names whenever we want to describe a particular isotope. The CMIP names should now follow this agreed syntax. This applies to all the 14C and 13C names in proposals 15 - 22. 16. (CMIP6 short name c14Litter) litter_mass_content_of_14C (canonical units: kg m-2) '"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. "C" means the element carbon and "14C" is the radioactive isotope "carbon-14", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.' 17. (CMIP6 short name c14Soil) soil_mass_content_of_14C (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. "C" means the element carbon and "14C" is the radioactive isotope "carbon-14", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.' 18. (CMIP6 short name c14Land) mass_content_of_14C_in_vegetation_and_litter_and_soil_and_forestry_and_agricultural_products (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. Examples of "forestry and agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. "C" means the element carbon and "14C" is the radioactive isotope "carbon-14", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.' I realise this name doesn't look very elegant but there is a reason for writing it in this way! Firstly, this quantity is defined as the sum of all the other 'land' components of 14C, i.e., vegetation + litter + soil + products, and that is explicitly stated in my suggested name. I hesitate to just call it mass_content_of_14C_on_land because we tend to use 'land' in CF as an area type meaning not sea or sea-ice. Also, the way the quantity is defined doesn't include, for example, carbon in bedrock so I think calling it 'land' is a bit too vague and general. We do have a precedent for combining multiple phrases with more than one _and_ in a standard name: tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_deposition_and_fixation_and_runoff. Again this is an example of where there didn't seem to be an appropriate succinct term. I'm very open to discussion on this proposal - can anyone think of a better term than 'land' to summarize the sum of the various components? 19. (CMIP6 short name c13Veg) vegetation_mass_content_of_13C (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "C" means the element carbon and "13C" is the stable isotope "carbon-13", having six protons and seven neutrons.' 20. (CMIP6 short name c13Litter) litter_mass_content_of_13C (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. "C" means the element carbon and "13C" is the stable isotope "carbon-13", having six protons and seven neutrons.' 21. (CMIP6 short name c13Soil) soil_mass_content_of_13C (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. "C" means the element carbon and "13C" is the stable isotope "carbon-13", having six protons and seven neutrons.' 22. (CMIP6 short name c13Land) mass_content_of_13C_in_vegetation_and_litter_and_soil_and_forestry_and_agricultural_products (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Vegetation" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. Examples of "forestry and agricultural products" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. "C" means the element carbon and "13C" is the stable isotope "carbon-13", having six protons and seven neutrons.' Similar to proposal 18, this quantity is the sum of the various land based carbon budget components for 13C. Again, if we can come up with a more succinct term for the sum of the components we could use it in this name. 23. (CMIP6 short name nMineral) soil_mass_content_of_minerals_expressed_as_nitrogen (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. The term "mineral" means a solid, naturally occurring inorganic chemical species. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.' 24. (CMIP6 short name nMineralNH4) soil_mass_content_of_ammonium_minerals_expressed_as_nitrogen (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. The term "mineral" means a solid, naturally occurring inorganic chemical species. "Ammonium minerals" means mineral compounds containing ammonium. The chemical formula for the ammonium cation is NH4+. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.' 25. (CMIP6 short name nMineralNO3) soil_mass_content_of_nitrate_minerals_expressed_as_nitrogen (canonical units: kg m-2) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. The term "mineral" means a solid, naturally occurring inorganic chemical species. "Nitrate minerals" means mineral compounds containing nitrate. The chemical formula for the nitrate anion is NO3-. The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.' 26. (CMIP6 short name wetlandCH4prod) tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_methane_due_to_emission_from_wetland_biological_production (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The chemical formula for methane is CH4. The mass is the total mass of the molecules. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the sur face of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season. The precise conditions under which wetlands produce and consume methane can vary between models.' I got the definition of 'wetland' from https://www.epa.gov/wetlands/what-wetland - I wanted to find something that wasn't too tied in to CMIP6 definitions. Okay? 27. (CMIP6 short name wetlandCH4cons) tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_methane_due_to_wetland_biological_consumption (canonical units: kg m-2 s-1) ' "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The chemical formula for methane is CH4. The mass is the total mass of the molecules. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season. The precise conditions under which wetlands produce and consume methane can vary between models.' 28. (CMIP6 short name wtd) water_table_depth (canonical units: m) 'Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. The water table is the surface below which the soil is saturated with water such that all pore spaces are filled.' Okay? Best wishes, Alison _______________________________________________ CF-metadata mailing list [email protected] http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata
