UTF-8 is not a character set, it is an encoding for unicode, how you actually 
store these names in the files is specified by the [CDM Identifiers 
section](https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf-java/v4.3/CDM/Identifiers.html)
 and cannot be decided by CF.

Since CF doesn't [support string attributes 
yet](https://github.com/cf-convention/cf-conventions/issues/141) and given how 
some libraries interact with string attributes (e.g. netcdf4 python will [force 
a string attribute](https://github.com/Unidata/netcdf4-python/pull/533) if the 
text attribute cannot be converted to ASCII). The implicit and in practice 
restriction is that variable names are restricted to unicode points lower than 
U+007F (i.e. ASCII) if their name is going to appear in a CF standardized 
attribute. I think CF should only go so far as to warn about this limitation 
for names which will appear in these attributes, but not care beyond that.

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