I had continued to try and figure it out after I sent the email. I did figure out a way to make it work.
FROM expenditures e, people p WHERE e.approved_by = people.id (+) In Oracle, the + does the outer join. And it worked well, but it wasn't explicit. I don't know sql well enough to read that alter and go, "oh, I'm doing an outer join there". I wanted explicit and that's what your code gave me. Interestingly, it happens in the FROM rather than the WHERE cause of the ON. thank you. > Yes it will be an LEFT or RIGHT outer join. The direction determines > which table you want ALL records from. So if the expense table is on > the left of the join use expense LEFT OUTER JOIN people on aField = > bField. If yo want it on the right then it would be people RIGHT OTER > > JOIN expense on aField = bField. Thank you too for the explanation. It was helpful. And the concatenation worked great too. daniel ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| Adobe® ColdFusion® 8 software 8 is the most important and dramatic release to date Get the Free Trial http://ad.doubleclick.net/clk;192386516;25150098;k Archive: http://www.houseoffusion.com/groups/CF-Talk/message.cfm/messageid:304988 Subscription: http://www.houseoffusion.com/groups/CF-Talk/subscribe.cfm Unsubscribe: http://www.houseoffusion.com/cf_lists/unsubscribe.cfm?user=89.70.4

