Hi mclow.lists, chandlerc,

The requirement on the `Size` type passed to *_n algorithms is that it is 
convertible to an integral type. This means we can't use a variable of type 
`Size` directly. Instead we need to convert it to an integral type first.  The 
problem is finding out what integral type to convert it to.  
`__convert_to_integral` figures out what integral type to convert it to and 
performs the conversion, It also promotes the resulting integral type so that 
it is at least as big as an integer. `__convert_to_integral` also has a special 
case for converting enums. This should only work on non-scoped enumerations 
because it does not apply an explicit conversion from the enum to its 
underlying type.

http://reviews.llvm.org/D7449

Files:
  include/algorithm
  include/type_traits
  test/libcxx/type_traits/convert_to_integral.pass.cpp
  test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.copy/copy_n.pass.cpp
  test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.fill/fill_n.pass.cpp
  test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.generate/generate_n.pass.cpp
  test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n.pass.cpp
  test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n_pred.pass.cpp

EMAIL PREFERENCES
  http://reviews.llvm.org/settings/panel/emailpreferences/
Index: include/algorithm
===================================================================
--- include/algorithm
+++ include/algorithm
@@ -1672,7 +1672,8 @@
          _Size __count, const _Tp& __value_, _BinaryPredicate __pred)
 {
     return _VSTD::__search_n<typename add_lvalue_reference<_BinaryPredicate>::type>
-           (__first, __last, __count, __value_, __pred, typename iterator_traits<_ForwardIterator>::iterator_category());
+           (__first, __last, _VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__count), __value_,
+            __pred, typename iterator_traits<_ForwardIterator>::iterator_category());
 }
 
 template <class _ForwardIterator, class _Size, class _Tp>
@@ -1681,7 +1682,8 @@
 search_n(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last, _Size __count, const _Tp& __value_)
 {
     typedef typename iterator_traits<_ForwardIterator>::value_type __v;
-    return _VSTD::search_n(__first, __last, __count, __value_, __equal_to<__v, _Tp>());
+    return _VSTD::search_n(__first, __last, _VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__count),
+                           __value_, __equal_to<__v, _Tp>());
 }
 
 // copy
@@ -1839,8 +1841,10 @@
    !__is_random_access_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
     _OutputIterator
 >::type
-copy_n(_InputIterator __first, _Size __n, _OutputIterator __result)
+copy_n(_InputIterator __first, _Size __orig_n, _OutputIterator __result)
 {
+    typedef decltype(_VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__orig_n)) _IntegralSize;
+    _IntegralSize __n = __orig_n;
     if (__n > 0)
     {
         *__result = *__first;
@@ -1862,8 +1866,10 @@
     __is_random_access_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
     _OutputIterator
 >::type
-copy_n(_InputIterator __first, _Size __n, _OutputIterator __result)
+copy_n(_InputIterator __first, _Size __orig_n, _OutputIterator __result)
 {
+    typedef decltype(_VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__orig_n)) _IntegralSize;
+    _IntegralSize __n = __orig_n;
     return _VSTD::copy(__first, __first + __n, __result);
 }
 
@@ -2055,7 +2061,7 @@
 _OutputIterator
 fill_n(_OutputIterator __first, _Size __n, const _Tp& __value_)
 {
-   return _VSTD::__fill_n(__first, __n, __value_);
+   return _VSTD::__fill_n(__first, _VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__n), __value_);
 }
 
 // fill
@@ -2101,8 +2107,10 @@
 template <class _OutputIterator, class _Size, class _Generator>
 inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 _OutputIterator
-generate_n(_OutputIterator __first, _Size __n, _Generator __gen)
+generate_n(_OutputIterator __first, _Size __orig_n, _Generator __gen)
 {
+    typedef decltype(_VSTD::__convert_to_integral(__orig_n)) _IntegralSize;
+    _IntegralSize __n = __orig_n;
     for (; __n > 0; ++__first, (void) --__n)
         *__first = __gen();
     return __first;
Index: include/type_traits
===================================================================
--- include/type_traits
+++ include/type_traits
@@ -3646,6 +3646,52 @@
 
 #endif // _LIBCPP_UNDERLYING_TYPE
 
+
+template <class _Tp, bool = std::is_enum<_Tp>::value>
+struct __sfinae_underlying_type
+{
+    typedef typename underlying_type<_Tp>::type type;
+    typedef decltype(((type)1) + 0) __promoted_type;
+};
+
+template <class _Tp>
+struct __sfinae_underlying_type<_Tp, false>
+{
+};
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+int __convert_to_integral(char __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+int __convert_to_integral(int __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+unsigned __convert_to_integral(unsigned __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+long __convert_to_integral(long __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+unsigned long __convert_to_integral(unsigned long __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+long long __convert_to_integral(long long __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+unsigned long long __convert_to_integral(unsigned long long __val) {return __val; }
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INT128
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+__int128_t __convert_to_integral(__int128_t __val) { return __val; }
+
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
+__uint128_t __convert_to_integral(__uint128_t __val) { return __val; }
+#endif
+
+template <class _Tp>
+typename __sfinae_underlying_type<_Tp>::__promoted_type
+__convert_to_integral(_Tp __val) { return __val; }
+
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_ADVANCED_SFINAE
 
 template <class _Tp>
Index: test/libcxx/type_traits/convert_to_integral.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/libcxx/type_traits/convert_to_integral.pass.cpp
+++ test/libcxx/type_traits/convert_to_integral.pass.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@
   check_integral_types<unsigned long, unsigned long>();
   check_integral_types<long long, long long>();
   check_integral_types<unsigned long long, unsigned long long>();
-  // TODO(ericwf): Not standard
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INT128
+  check_integral_types<__int128_t, __int128_t>();
+  check_integral_types<__uint128_t, __uint128_t>();
+#endif
+    // TODO(ericwf): Not standard
   check_enum_types<enum1, unsigned>();
 }
\ No newline at end of file
Index: test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.copy/copy_n.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.copy/copy_n.pass.cpp
+++ test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.copy/copy_n.pass.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,14 @@
 
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
+struct IntegralConvertible
+{
+  IntegralConvertible() : value(0) {}
+  explicit IntegralConvertible(int x) : value(x) {}
+  operator int() const { return value; }
+  int value;
+};
+
 template <class InIter, class OutIter>
 void
 test()
@@ -28,7 +36,7 @@
         ia[i] = i;
     int ib[N] = {0};
 
-    OutIter r = std::copy_n(InIter(ia), N/2, OutIter(ib));
+    OutIter r = std::copy_n(InIter(ia), IntegralConvertible(N/2), OutIter(ib));
     assert(base(r) == ib+N/2);
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < N/2; ++i)
         assert(ia[i] == ib[i]);
Index: test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.fill/fill_n.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.fill/fill_n.pass.cpp
+++ test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.fill/fill_n.pass.cpp
@@ -19,13 +19,23 @@
 
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
+
+struct IntegralConvertible
+{
+  IntegralConvertible() : value(0) {}
+  explicit IntegralConvertible(int x) : value(x) {}
+  operator int() const { return value; }
+  int value;
+};
+
+
 template <class Iter>
 void
 test_char()
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     char ca[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::fill_n(Iter(ca), n, char(1)) == std::next(Iter(ca), n));
+    assert(std::fill_n(Iter(ca), IntegralConvertible(n), char(1)) == std::next(Iter(ca), n));
     assert(ca[0] == 1);
     assert(ca[1] == 1);
     assert(ca[2] == 1);
@@ -38,7 +48,7 @@
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     int ia[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::fill_n(Iter(ia), n, 1) == std::next(Iter(ia), n));
+    assert(std::fill_n(Iter(ia), IntegralConvertible(n), 1) == std::next(Iter(ia), n));
     assert(ia[0] == 1);
     assert(ia[1] == 1);
     assert(ia[2] == 1);
@@ -50,7 +60,7 @@
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     int ia[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::fill_n(ia, n, static_cast<char>(1)) == std::next(ia, n));
+    assert(std::fill_n(ia, IntegralConvertible(n), static_cast<char>(1)) == std::next(ia, n));
     assert(ia[0] == 1);
     assert(ia[1] == 1);
     assert(ia[2] == 1);
@@ -69,7 +79,7 @@
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     int ia[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::fill_n(ia, n, source()) == std::next(ia, n));
+    assert(std::fill_n(ia, IntegralConvertible(n), source()) == std::next(ia, n));
     assert(ia[0] == 0);
     assert(ia[1] == 1);
     assert(ia[2] == 2);
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     test1 test1a[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::fill_n(test1a, n, static_cast<char>(10)) == std::next(test1a, n));    
+    assert(std::fill_n(test1a, IntegralConvertible(n), static_cast<char>(10)) == std::next(test1a, n));
     assert(test1a[0].c == 11);
     assert(test1a[1].c == 11);
     assert(test1a[2].c == 11);
@@ -110,7 +120,7 @@
 test5()
 {
     A a[3];
-    assert(std::fill_n(&a[0], 3, A('a')) == a+3);
+    assert(std::fill_n(&a[0], IntegralConvertible(3), A('a')) == a+3);
     assert(a[0] == A('a'));
     assert(a[1] == A('a'));
     assert(a[2] == A('a'));
@@ -124,11 +134,11 @@
     unsigned char b;
   };
 };
- 
+
 void test6()
 {
   Storage foo[5];
-  std::fill_n(&foo[0], 5, Storage());
+  std::fill_n(&foo[0], IntegralConvertible(5), Storage());
 }
 
 
@@ -143,7 +153,7 @@
     test_int<bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
     test_int<random_access_iterator<int*> >();
     test_int<int*>();
-    
+
     test_int_array();
     test_int_array_struct_source();
     test_struct_array();
Index: test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.generate/generate_n.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.generate/generate_n.pass.cpp
+++ test/std/algorithms/alg.modifying.operations/alg.generate/generate_n.pass.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,14 @@
 
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
+struct IntegralConvertible
+{
+  IntegralConvertible() : value(0) {}
+  explicit IntegralConvertible(int x) : value(x) {}
+  operator int() const { return value; }
+  int value;
+};
+
 struct gen_test
 {
     int operator()() const {return 2;}
@@ -31,7 +39,7 @@
 {
     const unsigned n = 4;
     int ia[n] = {0};
-    assert(std::generate_n(Iter(ia), n, gen_test()) == Iter(ia+n));
+    assert(std::generate_n(Iter(ia), IntegralConvertible(n), gen_test()) == Iter(ia+n));
     assert(ia[0] == 2);
     assert(ia[1] == 2);
     assert(ia[2] == 2);
Index: test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n.pass.cpp
+++ test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n.pass.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,14 @@
 
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
+struct IntegralConvertible
+{
+  IntegralConvertible() : value(0) {}
+  explicit IntegralConvertible(int x) : value(x) {}
+  operator int() const { return value; }
+  int value;
+};
+
 template <class Iter>
 void
 test()
@@ -63,6 +71,9 @@
     assert(std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), 2, 0) == Iter(ic));
     assert(std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), 3, 0) == Iter(ic));
     assert(std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), 4, 0) == Iter(ic+sc));
+
+    // Check that we properly convert the size argument to an integral.
+    std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), IntegralConvertible(0), 0);
 }
 
 int main()
Index: test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n_pred.pass.cpp
===================================================================
--- test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n_pred.pass.cpp
+++ test/std/algorithms/alg.nonmodifying/alg.search/search_n_pred.pass.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,16 @@
 
 unsigned count_equal::count = 0;
 
+
+struct IntegralConvertible
+{
+  IntegralConvertible() : value(0) {}
+  explicit IntegralConvertible(int x) : value(x) {}
+  operator int() const { return value; }
+  int value;
+};
+
+
 template <class Iter>
 void
 test()
@@ -138,6 +148,10 @@
     assert(std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), 4, 0, count_equal()) == Iter(ic+sc));
     assert(count_equal::count <= sc);
     count_equal::count = 0;
+
+    // Check that we properly convert the size argument to an integral.
+    std::search_n(Iter(ic), Iter(ic+sc), IntegralConvertible(4), 0, count_equal());
+    count_equal::count = 0;
 }
 
 int main()
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