ldionne updated this revision to Diff 44907.
ldionne marked 4 inline comments as done.
ldionne added a comment.

Address Richard Smith's review comments:

- Remove IndexType parameter, and make Index a std::size_t
- Remove assertion about APSInt::GetExtValue()
- Other style changes

Still left to do:

- Settle on a name for __nth_element
- Should we produce a diagnostic when the index is out of bounds, or is this 
reserved for standard-mandated diagnostics (and we should use another mean to 
report the error)?


http://reviews.llvm.org/D15421

Files:
  include/clang/AST/ASTContext.h
  include/clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h
  include/clang/Basic/Builtins.h
  include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticSemaKinds.td
  include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
  lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp
  lib/AST/DeclTemplate.cpp
  lib/Lex/PPMacroExpansion.cpp
  lib/Sema/SemaLookup.cpp
  lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp
  lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
  lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
  test/PCH/nth-element.cpp
  test/SemaCXX/nth_element.cpp

Index: test/SemaCXX/nth_element.cpp
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ test/SemaCXX/nth_element.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -fsyntax-only -verify -std=c++11 %s
+
+static_assert(__has_builtin(__nth_element), "");
+
+using SizeT = decltype(sizeof(int));
+
+template <SizeT i, typename ...T>
+using NthElement = __nth_element<i, T...>;
+
+template <int i>
+struct X;
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>>, X<0>), "");
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>>, X<0>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>>, X<1>), "");
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>, X<0>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>, X<1>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<2, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>, X<2>), "");
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>>, X<0>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>>, X<1>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<2, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>>, X<2>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<3, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>>, X<3>), "");
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>>, X<0>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>>, X<1>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<2, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>>, X<2>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<3, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>>, X<3>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<4, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>>, X<4>), "");
+
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<0>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<1>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<2, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<2>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<3, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<3>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<4, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<4>), "");
+static_assert(__is_same(NthElement<5, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>, X<3>, X<4>, X<5>>, X<5>), "");
+
+template <SizeT Index, typename ...T>
+using ErrorNthElement1 = __nth_element<Index, T...>; // expected-error{{may not be accessed at an out of bounds index}}
+using illformed1 = ErrorNthElement1<3, X<0>, X<1>>;  // expected-note{{in instantiation}}
Index: test/PCH/nth-element.cpp
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ test/PCH/nth-element.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++14 -x c++-header %s -emit-pch -o %t.pch
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++14 -x c++ /dev/null -include-pch %t.pch
+
+template <int i>
+struct X { };
+
+using SizeT = decltype(sizeof(int));
+
+template <SizeT i, typename ...T>
+using NthElement = __nth_element<i, T...>;
+
+void fn1() {
+  X<0> x0 = NthElement<0, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>{};
+  X<1> x1 = NthElement<1, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>{};
+  X<2> x2 = NthElement<2, X<0>, X<1>, X<2>>{};
+}
Index: lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
+++ lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
@@ -4152,6 +4152,7 @@
   RegisterPredefDecl(Context.ExternCContext, PREDEF_DECL_EXTERN_C_CONTEXT_ID);
   RegisterPredefDecl(Context.MakeIntegerSeqDecl,
                      PREDEF_DECL_MAKE_INTEGER_SEQ_ID);
+  RegisterPredefDecl(Context.NthElementDecl, PREDEF_DECL_NTH_ELEMENT_ID);
 
   // Build a record containing all of the tentative definitions in this file, in
   // TentativeDefinitions order.  Generally, this record will be empty for
Index: lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
+++ lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
@@ -6444,6 +6444,9 @@
 
   case PREDEF_DECL_MAKE_INTEGER_SEQ_ID:
     return Context.getMakeIntegerSeqDecl();
+
+  case PREDEF_DECL_NTH_ELEMENT_ID:
+    return Context.getNthElementDecl();
   }
   llvm_unreachable("PredefinedDeclIDs unknown enum value");
 }
Index: lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp
+++ lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallBitVector.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
+#include <iterator>
 using namespace clang;
 using namespace sema;
 
@@ -2027,7 +2028,7 @@
                            TemplateArgumentListInfo &TemplateArgs) {
   ASTContext &Context = SemaRef.getASTContext();
   switch (BTD->getBuiltinTemplateKind()) {
-  case BTK__make_integer_seq:
+  case BTK__make_integer_seq: {
     // Specializations of __make_integer_seq<S, T, N> are treated like
     // S<T, 0, ..., N-1>.
 
@@ -2069,6 +2070,33 @@
     return SemaRef.CheckTemplateIdType(Converted[0].getAsTemplate(),
                                        TemplateLoc, SyntheticTemplateArgs);
   }
+
+  case BTK__nth_element:
+    // Specializations of
+    //    __nth_element<Index, T_1, ..., T_N>
+    // are treated like T_Index.
+    assert(Converted.size() == 2 &&
+      "__nth_element should be given an index and a parameter pack");
+
+    // If the Index is out of bounds, the program is ill-formed.
+    //
+    // TODO:
+    // This is not actually mandated by the standard, of course, so does it
+    // have its place here?
+    TemplateArgument IndexArg = Converted[0], Ts = Converted[1];
+    llvm::APSInt Index = IndexArg.getAsIntegral();
+    assert(Index >= 0 && "the index used with __nth_element should be of "
+                         "type std::size_t, and hence be non-negative");
+    if (Index >= Ts.pack_size()) {
+      SemaRef.Diag(TemplateArgs[0].getLocation(),
+                   diag::err_nth_element_out_of_bounds);
+      return QualType();
+    }
+
+    // We simply return the type at index `Index`.
+    auto Nth = std::next(Ts.pack_begin(), Index.getExtValue());
+    return Nth->getAsType();
+  }
   llvm_unreachable("unexpected BuiltinTemplateDecl!");
 }
 
Index: lib/Sema/SemaLookup.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Sema/SemaLookup.cpp
+++ lib/Sema/SemaLookup.cpp
@@ -676,10 +676,14 @@
         R.addDecl(S.getASTContext().getFloat128StubType());
         return true;
       }
-      if (S.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus && NameKind == Sema::LookupOrdinaryName &&
-          II == S.getASTContext().getMakeIntegerSeqName()) {
-        R.addDecl(S.getASTContext().getMakeIntegerSeqDecl());
-        return true;
+      if (S.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus && NameKind == Sema::LookupOrdinaryName) {
+        if (II == S.getASTContext().getMakeIntegerSeqName()) {
+          R.addDecl(S.getASTContext().getMakeIntegerSeqDecl());
+          return true;
+        } else if (II == S.getASTContext().getNthElementName()) {
+          R.addDecl(S.getASTContext().getNthElementDecl());
+          return true;
+        }
       }
 
       // If this is a builtin on this (or all) targets, create the decl.
Index: lib/Lex/PPMacroExpansion.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Lex/PPMacroExpansion.cpp
+++ lib/Lex/PPMacroExpansion.cpp
@@ -1640,6 +1640,7 @@
         StringRef Feature = FeatureII->getName();
         Value = llvm::StringSwitch<bool>(Feature)
                     .Case("__make_integer_seq", getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
+                    .Case("__nth_element", getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
                     .Default(false);
       }
     } else if (II == Ident__has_attribute)
Index: lib/AST/DeclTemplate.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/AST/DeclTemplate.cpp
+++ lib/AST/DeclTemplate.cpp
@@ -1239,11 +1239,34 @@
                                        Params, SourceLocation());
 }
 
+static TemplateParameterList *
+createNthElementParameterList(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC) {
+  // std::size_t Index
+  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = C.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(C.getSizeType());
+  auto *Index = NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
+      C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/1,
+      /*Id=*/nullptr, TInfo->getType(), /*ParameterPack=*/false, TInfo);
+
+  // typename ...T
+  auto *Ts = TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
+      C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/2,
+      /*Id=*/nullptr, /*Typename=*/true, /*ParameterPack=*/true);
+  Ts->setImplicit(true);
+
+  // template <std::size_t Index, typename ...T>
+  NamedDecl *Params[] = {Index, Ts};
+  return TemplateParameterList::Create(C, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
+                                       llvm::makeArrayRef(Params),
+                                       SourceLocation());
+}
+
 static TemplateParameterList *createBuiltinTemplateParameterList(
     const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, BuiltinTemplateKind BTK) {
   switch (BTK) {
   case BTK__make_integer_seq:
     return createMakeIntegerSeqParameterList(C, DC);
+  case BTK__nth_element:
+    return createNthElementParameterList(C, DC);
   }
 
   llvm_unreachable("unhandled BuiltinTemplateKind!");
Index: lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp
+++ lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp
@@ -743,7 +743,8 @@
       ucontext_tDecl(nullptr), BlockDescriptorType(nullptr),
       BlockDescriptorExtendedType(nullptr), cudaConfigureCallDecl(nullptr),
       FirstLocalImport(), LastLocalImport(), ExternCContext(nullptr),
-      MakeIntegerSeqDecl(nullptr), SourceMgr(SM), LangOpts(LOpts),
+      MakeIntegerSeqDecl(nullptr), NthElementDecl(nullptr), SourceMgr(SM),
+      LangOpts(LOpts),
       SanitizerBL(new SanitizerBlacklist(LangOpts.SanitizerBlacklistFiles, SM)),
       AddrSpaceMap(nullptr), Target(nullptr), AuxTarget(nullptr),
       PrintingPolicy(LOpts), Idents(idents), Selectors(sels),
@@ -928,6 +929,14 @@
   return MakeIntegerSeqDecl;
 }
 
+BuiltinTemplateDecl *
+ASTContext::getNthElementDecl() const {
+  if (!NthElementDecl)
+    NthElementDecl = buildBuiltinTemplateDecl(BTK__nth_element,
+                                              getNthElementName());
+  return NthElementDecl;
+}
+
 RecordDecl *ASTContext::buildImplicitRecord(StringRef Name,
                                             RecordDecl::TagKind TK) const {
   SourceLocation Loc;
Index: include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
+++ include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
@@ -987,13 +987,16 @@
 
       /// \brief The internal '__make_integer_seq' template.
       PREDEF_DECL_MAKE_INTEGER_SEQ_ID = 13,
+
+      /// \brief The internal '__nth_element' template.
+      PREDEF_DECL_NTH_ELEMENT_ID = 14,
     };
 
     /// \brief The number of declaration IDs that are predefined.
     ///
     /// For more information about predefined declarations, see the
     /// \c PredefinedDeclIDs type and the PREDEF_DECL_*_ID constants.
-    const unsigned int NUM_PREDEF_DECL_IDS = 14;
+    const unsigned int NUM_PREDEF_DECL_IDS = 15;
 
     /// \brief Record code for a list of local redeclarations of a declaration.
     const unsigned int LOCAL_REDECLARATIONS = 50;
Index: include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticSemaKinds.td
===================================================================
--- include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticSemaKinds.td
+++ include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticSemaKinds.td
@@ -2079,6 +2079,10 @@
 def err_integer_sequence_integral_element_type : Error<
   "integer sequences must have integral element type">;
 
+// __nth_element
+def err_nth_element_out_of_bounds : Error<
+  "a parameter pack may not be accessed at an out of bounds index">;
+
 // Objective-C++
 def err_objc_decls_may_only_appear_in_global_scope : Error<
   "Objective-C declarations may only appear in global scope">;
Index: include/clang/Basic/Builtins.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/Basic/Builtins.h
+++ include/clang/Basic/Builtins.h
@@ -213,7 +213,10 @@
 /// \brief Kinds of BuiltinTemplateDecl.
 enum BuiltinTemplateKind : int {
   /// \brief This names the __make_integer_seq BuiltinTemplateDecl.
-  BTK__make_integer_seq
+  BTK__make_integer_seq,
+
+  /// \brief This names the __nth_element BuiltinTemplateDecl.
+  BTK__nth_element
 };
 
 } // end namespace clang
Index: include/clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h
+++ include/clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h
@@ -1480,8 +1480,8 @@
 };
 
 /// \brief Represents the builtin template declaration which is used to
-/// implement __make_integer_seq.  It serves no real purpose beyond existing as
-/// a place to hold template parameters.
+/// implement __make_integer_seq and other builtin templates.  It serves
+/// no real purpose beyond existing as a place to hold template parameters.
 class BuiltinTemplateDecl : public TemplateDecl {
   void anchor() override;
 
Index: include/clang/AST/ASTContext.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/AST/ASTContext.h
+++ include/clang/AST/ASTContext.h
@@ -252,6 +252,9 @@
   /// The identifier '__make_integer_seq'.
   mutable IdentifierInfo *MakeIntegerSeqName = nullptr;
 
+  /// The identifier '__nth_element'.
+  mutable IdentifierInfo *NthElementName = nullptr;
+
   QualType ObjCConstantStringType;
   mutable RecordDecl *CFConstantStringTypeDecl;
   
@@ -406,6 +409,7 @@
   TranslationUnitDecl *TUDecl;
   mutable ExternCContextDecl *ExternCContext;
   mutable BuiltinTemplateDecl *MakeIntegerSeqDecl;
+  mutable BuiltinTemplateDecl *NthElementDecl;
 
   /// \brief The associated SourceManager object.a
   SourceManager &SourceMgr;
@@ -876,6 +880,7 @@
 
   ExternCContextDecl *getExternCContextDecl() const;
   BuiltinTemplateDecl *getMakeIntegerSeqDecl() const;
+  BuiltinTemplateDecl *getNthElementDecl() const;
 
   // Builtin Types.
   CanQualType VoidTy;
@@ -1464,6 +1469,12 @@
     return MakeIntegerSeqName;
   }
 
+  IdentifierInfo *getNthElementName() const {
+    if (!NthElementName)
+      NthElementName = &Idents.get("__nth_element");
+    return NthElementName;
+  }
+
   /// \brief Retrieve the Objective-C "instancetype" type, if already known;
   /// otherwise, returns a NULL type;
   QualType getObjCInstanceType() {
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